RestTemplate发送HTTP请求
程序员文章站
2022-03-04 19:07:40
...
https://blog.csdn.net/shanjuzhe/article/details/78909614
Spring 中的 RestTemplate 可以很方便的发送HTTP请求,来看看如何使用
RestTemplate 发送 GET 请求
RestAPI - 通过@RequestParam接收参数的GET接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts/filter", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Account filter(@RequestParam String name, @RequestParam Integer age) {
return new Account(new Random().nextLong(), name, age, "********");
}
RestTemplate Demo
/**
* 使用 RestTemplate 发送 GET 请求
* RestTemplate 发送 GET 请求时,如果需要传入参数,需要以示例方法 url 的方式传入
* RestTemplate有两组方法发送 Get 请求
* <code>
* restTemplate.getForObject(String url, Class responseType, Map uriVariables)<br/>
* restTemplate.getForEntity(String url, Class responseType, Map uriVariables)<br/>
* </code>
* restTemplate.getForObject是对restTemplate.getForEntity的简化,<br/>
* 通过restTemplate.getForEntity,我们可以获取HttpStatus的相关信息并加以使用.<br/>
* 如果我们不关心 HttpStatus,那么使用 restTemplate.getForObject() 即可.
*/
@Test
public void getMethodTest() {
// http://ip:port/project-name/accounts/filter
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts/filter?name={name}&age={age}";
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("age", "26");
params.put("name", "lee");
Account account = restTemplate.getForObject(url, Account.class, params);
System.out.println(account);
// 上面 2 行等价于下面 5 行
/*ResponseEntity<Account> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Account.class, params);
if (responseEntity.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) {
Account account1 = responseEntity.getBody();
System.out.println(account1);
}*/
}
RestAPI - 通过@PathVariable提取url变量的GET接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Account get(@PathVariable("id") Long id, @RequestParam String name) {
return new Account(id, name, 18, "[email protected]#$%^&*");
}
RestTemplate Demo
@Test
public void getMethodTest2() {
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts/{id}?name={name}";
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("id", "100001");
params.put("name", "libai");
Account account = restTemplate.getForObject(url, Account.class, params);
Assert.assertEquals(account.toString(), "Account{id=100001, age=18, name='libai', pwd='[email protected]#$%^&*'}");
}
使用 RestTemplate 发送 POST 请求
RestAPI - 使用@RequestBody接收请求参数的POST接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Account create(@RequestBody Account account) {
return account;
}
RestTemplate Demo
/**
* 使用 RestTemplate 发送 POST 请求<br/>
* 请求接口:{@link RestServer#create(Account)}<br/>
* <br/>
* 根据接口{@link RestServer#create(Account)}的要求,我们需要使用Payload提交方式来提交数据<br/>
* Payload提交方式区别于Form提交方式<br/>
* Form提交方式提交的数据,服务端可以通过{@link HttpServletRequest#getParameter(String)}方法获取,<br/>
* 体现在SpringMVC框架中,即数据参数通过 {@link org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam} 注解绑定获取<br/>
* Payload提交方式提交的数据,服务端可以通过{@link HttpServletRequest#getInputStream()}方法获取,<br/>
* 体现在SpringMVC框架中,即数据参数通过 {@link org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody} 注解绑定获取<br/>
* <br/>
* RestTemplate 默认使用 Payload 方式提交数据,数据的格式是 json。<br/>
* 即本示例中 <code>params</code> 会被格式化成 json 格式数据,并放在request body中发送给服务端
*/
@Test
public void postMethodTest() {
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts";
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("id", "100001");
params.put("name", "李白");
params.put("age", "100001");
params.put("pwd", "&*()#$%^");
Account account = restTemplate.postForObject(url, params, Account.class);
System.out.println(account);
}
RestAPI - 使用@RequestParam接收请求参数的POST接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts/create", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Account create(@RequestParam Long id,
@RequestParam String name,
@RequestParam Integer age,
@RequestParam String pwd) {
return new Account(id, name, age, pwd);
}
RestTemplate Demo
/**
* 使用 RestTemplate 发送 POST 请求<br/>
* 请求接口:{@link RestServer#create(Long, String, Integer, String)}<br/>
* <br/>
* 根据接口 {@link RestServer#create(Long, String, Integer, String)}的要求,我们需要使用Form提交方式来提交数据<br/>
* RestTemplate 默认使用 Payload 方式提交数据,想要使用Form方式提交,需要通过 HttpHeaders 设置<br/>
* 另外,多个参数需要使用{@link LinkedMultiValueMap}来封装
*/
@Test
public void postMethodTest2() {
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts/create";
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
// 此处不能换成 HashMap
MultiValueMap<String, Object> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("id", "100001");
params.add("name", "杜甫");
params.add("age", "100001");
params.add("pwd", "&*()#$%^");
// 通过 HttpHeaders 设置Form方式提交
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(params, headers);
Account account = restTemplate.postForObject(url, httpEntity, Account.class);
System.out.println(account);
}
使用 RestTemplate 发送带有 HttpHeader 信息的请求
RestAPI - 使用@RequestHeader获取请求头信息的POST接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts/authorization", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Account create(@RequestHeader("authorization") String authorization,
@RequestHeader("token") String token,
@RequestBody Account account) {
if (authorization.equals("12345678") && token.equals("bce235emn97jjf00")) {
return account;
}
return new Account();
}
RestTemplate Demo
@Test
public void httpHeaderTest() {
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts/authorization";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.add("authorization", "12345678");
headers.add("token", "bce235emn97jjf00");
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("id", "100001");
params.put("name", "李白");
params.put("age", "100001");
params.put("pwd", "&*()#$%^");
HttpEntity<Map<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(params, headers);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
Account account = restTemplate.postForObject(url, httpEntity, Account.class);
System.out.println(account.toString());
}
使用 RestTemplate 进行文件上传
使用@RequestPart接收文件上传请求的POST接口
@RequestMapping(value = "accounts/logo", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean changeLogo(@RequestPart("logo") MultipartFile file,
@RequestParam(value = "nickname", required = false) String nickname) throws IOException {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
File f = new File(fileName);
file.transferTo(f);
System.out.println(f.getAbsolutePath());
return true;
}
RestTemplate Demo
@Test
public void uploadImgTest() {
String url = "http://192.168.1.121:9001/rest-server/accounts/logo";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
MultiValueMap<String, Object> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("logo", new FileSystemResource("C:\\Users\\lixiangke\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\jdsadh.jpg"));
params.add("nickname", "nick");
HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(params, headers);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
String str = restTemplate.postForObject(url, httpEntity, String.class);
System.out.println(str);
}
Account.java
package com.springboot.web.rest_template;
/**
* @author lixiangke
* @date 2017/12/25
*/
public class Account {
private Long id;
private int age;
private String name;
private String pwd;
public Account() {
}
public Account(Long id, String name, int age, String pwd) {
this.id = id;
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", age=" + age +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
上一篇: DLL详解(下)---MFC下的DLL
下一篇: Golang time 加减操作
推荐阅读
-
post请求上传文件和文本时http格式
-
Python批量发送post请求的实现代码
-
php 利用socket发送HTTP请求(GET,POST),socketget_PHP教程
-
PHP实现取得HTTP请求的原文_php技巧
-
八、快速上手处理微信请求:接收、解析、处理微信后台发送给你服务器的消息(一)
-
python3发送request请求及查看返回结果实例
-
html - 对一个文件进行发送了下载请求,php能记录下这次请求么,可以通过什么来记录这个请求?
-
IE6通过get发送奇数个汉字请求会乱码的解决方法_PHP教程
-
请求后台配置项http错误,上传功能将不能正常使用!php版本
-
PHP模拟发送POST请求之三、加强file_get_contents发送POST请求