vue router学习之动态路由和嵌套路由详解

程序员文章站 2022-04-09 21:44:08

本文主要参考：本文的阅读前提是已经能够搭建一个vue前台程序并且运行。如果还么有搭建可以参考文章：好，下面上货。首先介绍一下动态路由。动态路由按照我的理...

本文主要参考：

本文的阅读前提是已经能够搭建一个vue前台程序并且运行。如果还么有搭建可以参考文章：

好，下面上货。

首先介绍一下动态路由。
动态路由按照我的理解，就是说能够进行页面的跳转，比如说：下面的这个页面中：

<template> 
 <div id="app"> 
  <header> 
   <router-link to="/">/</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello">/hello</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/cc">/cc</router-link> 
  </header> 
  <router-view style="border: 1px solid red"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template>

如果点击了/hello，那么在router-view中就会加载对应的模块，也就是在路由中设置的模块。

import vue from 'vue' 
import router from 'vue-router' 
import hello from '@/components/hello' 
import foo from '@/components/foo' 
import foo2 from '@/components/foo2' 
import foo3 from '@/components/foo3' 
 
vue.use(router) 
 
export default new router({ 
 routes: [ 
  {path: '/', redirect: '/hello'}, 
  { 
   path: '/hello', 
   component: hello, 
   children: [ 
    {path: '/hello/foo', component: foo}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo2', component: foo2}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo3', component: foo3} 
   ] 
  }, 
  { 
   path: '/cc', 
   name: 'foo', 
   component: foo 
  } 
 ] 
})

也就是说，会跳转到hello和foo这两个组件。

那么嵌套路由是什么意思呢，最开始我以为的是这样：/hello/foo 和/hello/foo2这两个路由可以简写成嵌套路由，其实不是的。嵌套路由只的是，在子组件中再次嵌套组件。然后在使用路由进行跳转，这样跳转的时候，变化的就只有子组件，而外边的父组件没有变化。

下面我把完整的例子放出来，看一下：

app.vue

<template> 
 <div id="app"> 
  <header> 
   <router-link to="/">/</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello">/hello</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/cc">/cc</router-link> 
  </header> 
  <router-view style="border: 1px solid red"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
export default { 
 name: 'app' 
} 
</script> 
 
<style> 
#app { 
 font-family: 'avenir', helvetica, arial, sans-serif; 
 -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; 
 -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; 
 text-align: center; 
 color: #2c3e50; 
 margin-top: 60px; 
} 
</style>

foo.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>3434234343</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'foo', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- add "scoped" attribute to limit css to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style>

foo2.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>this is foo2</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'foo2', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- add "scoped" attribute to limit css to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style>

foo3.vue

<template> 
 <div> 
  <h1>this is foo3</h1> 
 </div> 
</template> 
 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'foo3', 
  data () { 
   return { 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- add "scoped" attribute to limit css to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style>

hello.vue

<template> 
 <div class="hello"> 
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1> 
  <h2>essential links</h2> 
  <ul> 
   <li><a href="https://vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">core docs</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://forum.vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">forum</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://gitter.im/vuejs/vue" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">gitter chat</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://twitter.com/vuejs" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">twitter</a></li> 
   <br> 
   <li><a href="http://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">docs for this template</a></li> 
  </ul> 
  <h2>ecosystem</h2> 
  <ul> 
   <li><a href="http://router.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-router</a></li> 
   <li><a href="http://vuex.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vuex</a></li> 
   <li><a href="http://vue-loader.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-loader</a></li> 
   <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/awesome-vue" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">awesome-vue</a></li> 
  </ul> 
  <div> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo">/hello/foo</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo2">/hello/foo2</router-link> 
   <router-link to="/hello/foo3">/hello/foo3</router-link> 
  </div> 
  <router-view style="border: solid 1px blue"></router-view> 
 </div> 
</template> 
<script> 
 export default { 
  name: 'hello', 
  data () { 
   return { 
    msg: 'welcome to your vue.js app' 
   } 
  } 
 } 
</script> 
 
<!-- add "scoped" attribute to limit css to this component only --> 
<style scoped> 
 h1, h2 { 
  font-weight: normal; 
 } 
 
 ul { 
  list-style-type: none; 
  padding: 0; 
 } 
 
 li { 
  display: inline-block; 
  margin: 0 10px; 
 } 
 
 a { 
  color: #42b983; 
 } 
</style>

路由：

import vue from 'vue' 
import router from 'vue-router' 
import hello from '@/components/hello' 
import foo from '@/components/foo' 
import foo2 from '@/components/foo2' 
import foo3 from '@/components/foo3' 
 
vue.use(router) 
 
export default new router({ 
 routes: [ 
  {path: '/', redirect: '/hello'}, 
  { 
   path: '/hello', 
   component: hello, 
   children: [ 
    {path: '/hello/foo', component: foo}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo2', component: foo2}, 
    {path: '/hello/foo3', component: foo3} 
   ] 
  }, 
  { 
   path: '/cc', 
   name: 'foo', 
   component: foo 
  } 
 ] 
})

需要注意的是仔细的看app.vue和hello.vue中，都包含<router-view></router-view>，但是他们的作用不同，app.vue是顶层路由，指的是组外层的路由，hello.vue中的是嵌套路由，负责显示子组件。
我把页面截图一下：

vue router学习之动态路由和嵌套路由详解