【MacOS】Docker的安装和基本使用

1. 下载安装

Docker Desktop for Mac
双击下载好的Docker.dmg, 然后将图标拽到application里：

如果没有账号，请先注册。会收到一封verify的邮件，点击之后login，输入账号和密码。

2.使用

打开terminal 查看我们的version：

$ docker version

output:

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.5
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.12.12
 Git commit:        633a0ea
 Built:             Wed Nov 13 07:22:34 2019
 OS/Arch:           darwin/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.5
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.12.12
  ...
  ...

干活喜欢先看“使用手册”:

$ docker build --help

output:

Usage:	docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -

Build an image from a Dockerfile

Options:
      --add-host list           Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
      --build-arg list          Set build-time variables
      --cache-from strings      Images to consider as cache sources
      --cgroup-parent string    Optional parent cgroup for the container
      --compress                Compress the build context using gzip
      --cpu-period int          Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair
                                Scheduler) period
      --cpu-quota int           Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair
                                Scheduler) quota
  -c, --cpu-shares int          CPU shares (relative weight)
      --cpuset-cpus string      CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
      --cpuset-mems string      MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
      --disable-content-trust   Skip image verification (default true)
  -f, --file string             Name of the Dockerfile (Default is
                                'PATH/Dockerfile')
      --force-rm                Always remove intermediate containers
      --iidfile string          Write the image ID to the file
      --isolation string        Container isolation technology
      --label list              Set metadata for an image
  -m, --memory bytes            Memory limit
      --memory-swap bytes       Swap limit equal to memory plus swap:
                                '-1' to enable unlimited swap
      --network string          Set the networking mode for the RUN
                                instructions during build (default "default")
      --no-cache                Do not use cache when building the image
      --pull                    Always attempt to pull a newer version of
                                the image
  -q, --quiet                   Suppress the build output and print image
                                ID on success
      --rm                      Remove intermediate containers after a
                                successful build (default true)
      --security-opt strings    Security options
      --shm-size bytes          Size of /dev/shm
  -t, --tag list                Name and optionally a tag in the
                                'name:tag' format
      --target string           Set the target build stage to build.
      --ulimit ulimit           Ulimit options (default [])

3. 建立第一个Container：

下面我们来下载一个例子，例子里面有我们搞第一个docker需要的所有的东西：

$ git clone https://github.com/docker/doodle.git

output：

Cloning into 'doodle'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 73, done.
remote: Total 73 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 73
Unpacking objects: 100% (73/73), done.

下载完成，打开文件夹：

cd doodle/cheers2019

开建! tag咱们的Docker image：

A Docker image is a private filesystem, just for your container. It provides all the files and code your container will need. Running the docker build command creates a Docker image using the Dockerfile. This built image is in your machine’s local Docker image registry.

语法是docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -
这里我们使用：
[OPTIONS] : -t
PATH : [改成你的用户名]/cheers2019 譬如我的就是loewi/cheers2019
URL: .

$ docker build -t [你的用户名]/cheers2019 .

下面我们就可以跑我们第一个Container了

Running a container launches your software with private resources, securely isolated from the rest of your machine.

$ docker run -it --rm [你的用户名]/cheers2019

CHEERS！！！！

我们可以将这个image分享到Docker Hub

Once you’re ready to share your container with the world, push the image that describes it to Docker Hub.

$ docker login && docker push [你的用户名]/cheers2019

Output:

Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: [填你的用户名]
Password: [填你的密码]

Login Succeeded
The push refers to repository [docker.io/loewi/cheers2019]
ade970f14012: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:1637a2c7b794ded4790852ebe1c9c7be63728966790d4c3d30bbf8515fbfb916 size: 528

这时候去看你的Docker Hub，就能显示出你push的image啦！

更多的Containers等你去发现。

4. 安装tensorflow

Tensorflow的Docker Hub

$ docker pull tensorflow/tensorflow

output:

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from tensorflow/tensorflow
2746a4a261c9: Pull complete 
4c1d20cdee96: Pull complete 
0d3160e1d0de: Pull complete 
c8e37668deea: Pull complete 
e52cad4ccd83: Pull complete 
fac2cc420193: Pull complete 
3cae0d3239d1: Pull complete 
d383bce69b6c: Pull complete 
8a90b3d85a18: Pull complete 
4baf29878469: Pull complete 
4475017ba949: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:cec133a881c7....
Status: Downloaded newer image for tensorflow/tensorflow:latest
docker.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest