Java IO 流（1）IO流介绍

IO流定义：

流的本质是一组单向有序，分起始和终止的数据传输过程。需要导入import java.io.\*

IO流分类：

按数据类型分为：字节流和字符流

字节流：

按字节进行读取（可以处理任意类型数据）

字符流

字节流 \+ 编码表（处理纯文本数据优先考虑）

按数据流向分为：输入流和输出流

输入流

有Reader（字符输入流）、InputStream（字节输入流）

输出流

 有Writer（字符输出流）、OutputStream（字节输出流）

按复杂程度分为：基本流和包装流

基本流

包装流

IO 流四大基类

InputStream （字节输入流）

public abstract class InputStream
extends Object
implements Closeable

构造方法及成员方法

​InputStream() //是所有数据输入字节流的基类

int         	available()
void	    	close()
void	    	mark(int readlimit)
boolean	    	markSupported()
abstract   int  read()
int	    		read(byte[] b)
int	    		read(byte[] b, int off, int len)
void	    	reset()
long	    	skip(long n)

OutputStream （字节输出流）

public abstract class OutputStream
extends OutputStream
//字节流可以处理以字节为单位的任何数据类型

构造方法及成员方法

​OutputStream() //是所有数据输出字节流的基类

abstract void	write_any(Any value)
abstract void	write_boolean_array(boolean[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_boolean(boolean value)

abstract void	write_char_array(char[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_char(char value)

void			write_Context(Context ctx, ContextList contexts)

abstract void	write_double_array(double[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_double(double value)

void			write_fixed(BigDecimal value)

abstract void	write_float_array(float[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_float(float value)

abstract void	write_long_array(int[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_long(int value)

abstract void	write_longlong_array(long[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_longlong(long value)
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abstract void	write_Object(Object value)

abstract void	write_octet_array(byte[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_octet(byte value)

void			write_Principal(Principal value)

abstract void	write_short_array(short[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_short(short value)

abstract void	write_string(String value)

abstract void	write_TypeCode(TypeCode value)

abstract void	write_ulong_array(int[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_ulong(int value)

abstract void	write_ulonglong_array(long[] value, int offset, int length)

abstract void	write_ulonglong(long value)

void			write(int b)

Reader （字符输入流）

public abstract class Reader
extends Object
implements Readable, Closeable

构造方法及成员方法

​Protected Reader()

Protected Reader(Object lock)

abstract void   close()
void	        mark(int readAheadLimit)
boolean	        markSupported()
int	        	read()
int	        	read(char[] cbuf)
abstract int	read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
int	        	read(CharBuffer target)
boolean	        ready()
void	        reset()
long	        skip(long n)

Writer （字符输出流）

public abstract class Writer
extends Object
implements Appendable, Closeable, Flushable

构造方法及成员函数

​protected Writer()

protected Writer(Object lock)

Writer	        append(char c)
Writer	        append(CharSequence csq)
Writer	        append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end)
abstract void	close()
abstract void	flush()
void	        write(char[] cbuf)
abstract void	write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
void	        write(int c)
void	        write(String str)
void	        write(String str, int off, int len)