模板匹配

/*在一副图像中寻找另一幅图像最匹配（相似）部分的技术
通过在输入图像上华东图像块，对实际图像块和输入图像进行匹配

Void mathcTemplate(inputarray image,//带搜索图像 8位或者32位 浮点图像
				Inputarray temp1,//搜索模板 一样的数据类型，不能大于原图尺寸
				Outputarray result,//比较结果的映射图像，必须为单通道，32浮点图像，
				Int method 匹配方法 6种
				);
				
平方差匹配方法：最好匹配为0 ，匹配越差值越大 TM_SQDIFF

归一化平方差 ：TM_SQDIFF_NORME

相关匹配：TM_CCORR  越大越相似 乘法操作

归一化相关匹配 TM_CCORR_NORMED

系数匹配 TM_CCOEFF 1 完美  -1 糟糕 0 没有任何关系

化相系数匹配 TM_CCOEFF_NORMED
*/
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/photo/photo.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

//*********************************
//("C:/Users/hasee-pc/Desktop/women.jpg");	
//*********************************

#define WINDOW_NAME1 "【原始图片】"
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "【效果窗口】"

Mat g_srcImage;
Mat g_templateImage;
Mat g_resultImage;
int g_nMatchMehod;
int g_nMaxTrackbarNum = 5;

void on_Matching(int, void *);

int main()
{
	g_srcImage = imread("C:/Users/hasee-pc/Desktop/girl.jpg", 1);
	g_templateImage = imread("C:/Users/hasee-pc/Desktop/face.jpg", 1);

	namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME1, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME2, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	createTrackbar("方法", WINDOW_NAME1, &g_nMatchMehod, g_nMaxTrackbarNum, on_Matching);
	on_Matching(0, 0);

	waitKey(0);
}

void on_Matching(int, void *)
{
	Mat srcImage;
	g_srcImage.copyTo(srcImage);

	//初始化输出矩阵
	int resultImage_cols = g_srcImage.cols - g_templateImage.cols + 1;
	int resultImage_rows = g_srcImage.rows - g_templateImage.rows + 1;
	g_resultImage.create(resultImage_cols, resultImage_rows, CV_32FC1);

	//匹配和标准化
	matchTemplate(g_srcImage, g_templateImage, g_resultImage, g_nMatchMehod);
	normalize(g_resultImage, g_resultImage, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());

	//定位最匹配位置
	double minValue;
	double maxValue;
	Point minLocation;
	Point maxLocation;
	Point matchLocation;
	minMaxLoc(g_resultImage, &minValue, &maxValue, &minLocation, &maxLocation, Mat());

	//值越小匹配程度越高
	if (g_nMatchMehod == CV_TM_SQDIFF || g_nMatchMehod == CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED)
	{
		matchLocation = minLocation;
	}//值越大匹配程度越高
	else
	{
		matchLocation = maxLocation;
	}

	//绘制矩形
	rectangle(srcImage,
		matchLocation,
		Point(matchLocation.x + g_templateImage.cols, matchLocation.y + g_templateImage.rows),
		Scalar(0, 0, 255),
		2,
		8,
		0
	);

	rectangle(g_resultImage,
		matchLocation,
		Point(matchLocation.x + g_templateImage.cols, matchLocation.y + g_templateImage.rows),
		Scalar(0, 0, 255),
		2,
		8,
		0
	);

	imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, srcImage);
	imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, g_resultImage);
}