【树-简单】112. 路径总和（重点）

【题目】
给你二叉树的根节点 root 和一个表示目标和的整数 targetSum ，判断该树中是否存在 根节点到叶子节点 的路径，这条路径上所有节点值相加等于目标和 targetSum 。

叶子节点 是指没有子节点的节点。

示例 1：

输入：root = [5,4,8,11,null,13,4,7,2,null,null,null,1], targetSum = 22
输出：true

示例 2：

输入：root = [1,2,3], targetSum = 5
输出：false

示例 3：

输入：root = [1,2], targetSum = 0
输出：false

提示：

树中节点的数目在范围 [0, 5000] 内
-1000 <= Node.val <= 1000
-1000 <= targetSum <= 1000

【代码】
【递归1】

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def hasPathSum(self, root: TreeNode, targetSum: int) -> bool:
        self.ans=[]
        self.visit(root,0)
        return targetSum in self.ans
    
    def visit(self,root,sum_all):
        if not root:
            return 0
        else:
            sum_all+=root.val
        if not root.left and not root.right:
            self.ans.append(sum_all)
            return sum_all
        self.visit(root.left,sum_all)
        self.visit(root.right,sum_all)

【递归2】清爽写法

class Solution:
    def hasPathSum(self, root: TreeNode, sum: int) -> bool:
        if not root:
            return False
        if not root.left and not root.right:
            return sum == root.val
        return self.hasPathSum(root.left, sum - root.val) or self.hasPathSum(root.right, sum - root.val)

【迭代】

class Solution:
    def hasPathSum(self, root: TreeNode, sum: int) -> bool:
        if not root:
            return False
        que_node = collections.deque([root])
        que_val = collections.deque([root.val])
        while que_node:
            now = que_node.popleft()
            temp = que_val.popleft()
            if not now.left and not now.right:
                if temp == sum:
                    return True
                continue
            if now.left:
                que_node.append(now.left)
                que_val.append(now.left.val + temp)
            if now.right:
                que_node.append(now.right)
                que_val.append(now.right.val + temp)
        return False