ubuntu系统下matplotlib中文乱码问题

在ubuntu 下利用matplotlib 绘图的时候，图像上中文显示乱码

1. 下载中文字体simhei.ttf, 网址为http://fontzone.net/download/simhei
2. 搜索 matplotlib 字体的安装位置

locate -b '\mpl-data'

会得到 这个路径/usr/share/matplotlib/mpl-data下面有fonts/ttf这个目录，进入这个目录，把刚才下载的simhei.ttf 字体复制到这个目录***意权限和归属是否与其它字体一致，我的是归于root用户的，所以用root 用户复制过来。
3. 删除当前用户matplotlib 的缓冲文件（如果没有直接进入第四步）

cd ~/.cache/matplotlib
rm -rf *.*

# test.py

import itchat, time
import matplotlib.pyplot as plot

rName = 'Group_name'


def chatProportion(rName):
    need_user = []

    itchat.auto_login(True)
    male = female = other = 0
    # rName = rName
    roomSum = 0
    chatRooms = itchat.search_chatrooms(name=rName)
    print(chatRooms)
    if chatRooms is None:
        print("no this:" + rName)
    else:
        chatRoom = itchat.update_chatroom(chatRooms[0]['UserName'], detailedMember=True)
        index = 0
        mem_list = chatRoom['MemberList']
        roomSum = len(mem_list)
        for friend in mem_list:
            dis = friend['DisplayName']
            nick = friend['NickName']
            sex = friend['Sex']
            city = friend['City']

            if sex == 1:
                male += 1
            elif sex == 2:
                female += 1
                if city in ['东城',
                            '西城',
                            '海淀',
                            '朝阳',
                            '丰台',
                            '门头沟',
                            '石景山',
                            '房山',
                            '通州',
                            '顺义',
                            '昌平',
                            '大兴',
                            '怀柔',
                            '平谷',
                            '延庆',
                            '密云',
                            'Dongcheng',
                            'Xicheng',
                            'Haidian',
                            'Zhaoyang',
                            'Fengtai',
                            'Mentougou',
                            'Shijingshan',
                            'Fangshan',
                            'Tongzhou',
                            'Shunyi',
                            'Changping',
                            'Daxing',
                            'Huairou',
                            'Pinggu',
                            'Yanqing',
                            'Miyun']:
                    need_user.append((index, dis, nick, sex, city))
                print(index, dis, nick, sex, city)
            else:
                other += 1
            index += 1

    labels = ['男:' + str(male), '女' + str(female), '其他' + str(other)]
    sizes = [male, female, other]
    colors = ['green', 'red', 'gray']
    # 几个分量向外偏移
    explode = (0.1, 0.1, 0)
    plot.pie(sizes, explode, labels, colors, '%2.0f%%')
    plot.axis('equal')
    plot.legend(loc='upper left', bbox_to_anchor=(-0.1, 1))

    plot.rcParams[u'font.sans-serif'] = ['simhei']
    plot.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

    plot.title("群名：" + str(rName) + "[总人数：" + str(roomSum) + "]\n" + str("(男女比例分析-流年master出品)"))
    plot.grid()
    plot.show()
    print(need_user)

4.代码中调整字体
其中#coding:utf-8 说明文件编码格式
mpl.rcParams[u’font.sans-serif’] = [‘simhei’] 用simhei 字体显示中文
mpl.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus’] = False 这个用来正常显示负号
plt.title(u’标题’)这里的u 最好不要少