...
SOAP的主页：http://ws.apache.org/soap/
SOAP RPC 的工作原理非常类似于WEB的请求/响应方式，两者都以HTTP作为通信协议，不同之处在于WEB客户和WEB服务器之间传输的是HTML数据，而在SOAP RPC模式中，SOAP客户和服务之间传输的是符合SOAP规范的XML数据。本文通过一个简单的SOAP应用来说明SOAP RPC的工作方式。
在Eclipse里面创建SOAP工程，把从SOAP主页上下载到的SOAP分发版本中的webapps/soap/目录中的文件拷贝过来，再把mail.jar/activation.jar/soap.jar拷贝到WEB-INF/lib/目录下。（mail.jar和activation.jar请在SUN网站上找，soap.jar在SOAP分发版本的lib目录中）
目录结构如下：
|
soap/
|--src/
| |--org.eleaf.soap/
| |--HelloClient.java
| |--HelloService.java
|--WebRoot/
|--admin/
|--META-INF/
|--WEB-INF/
|--DeploymentDescriptor.xml
|--web.xml
|--lib/
|--soap.jar
|--mail.jar
|--activation.jar
|
在TOMCAT的conf/server.xml文件中添加一个名为soap的Context标记：
|
<Context path="/soap" docBase="D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot" workDir="D:\work\eclipse\soap\j2src" reloadable="true" debug="0"/>
</Host>
……
|
然后启动TOMCAT，访问http://jim:4001/soap/
，可以看到SOAP的控制页面：
|
<!--StartFragment -->
Apache-SOAP
Hello! Welcome
to Apache-SOAP.
What do you want to do today?
-
Run
the admin client
-
Visit
the SOAP RPC router URL for this SOAP server
Apache-SOAP
Hello! Welcome
to Apache-SOAP.
What do you want to do today?
-
Run
the admin client
-
Visit
the SOAP RPC router URL for this SOAP server
|
SOAP服务器端程序：包含三个可供客户端调用的方法。
|
package
org.eleaf.soap;
import
java.util.Date;
public
class
HelloService {
public
String sayHello(String username)
{
return
"Hello:" + username;
}
public
Date getDate()
{
return
new Date();
}
public
int
sum(int
i, int
j)
{
return
i+j;
}
}
|
SOAP服务配置文件：DeploymentDescriptor.xml:
<isd:service xmlns:isd="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap/deployment
"
id="urn:helloservice">
<isd:provider type="java"
scope="Application"
methods="sayHello getDate sum">
<isd:java class="org.eleaf.soap.HelloService"/>
</isd:provider>
</isd:service>
|
把soap.jar/mail.jar/activation.jar加入CLASSPATH：
|
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>set classpath=%classpath%;D:\jakarta-tomcat
-5.0.28\shared\lib\activation.jar;D:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\shared\lib\mail.jar;D
:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\soap.jar
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>
|
发布SOAP服务：
|
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>java org.apache.soap.server.ServiceManagerC
lient
http://jim:4001/soap/servlet/rpcrouter
deploy DeploymentDescriptor.xml
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>
|
查看已发布的SOAP服务：
|
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>java org.apache.soap.server.ServiceManagerC
lient
http://jim:4001/soap/servlet/rpcrouter
list
Deployed Services:
urn:helloservice
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>
|
编写客户端调用程序：该类将通过SOAP发出RPC请求，来调用服务器端的三个方法。
|
package
org.eleaf.soap;
import
java.net.URL;
import
java.util.Vector;
import
org.apache.soap.Constants;
import
org.apache.soap.Fault;
import
org.apache.soap.rpc.Call;
import
org.apache.soap.rpc.Parameter;
import
org.apache.soap.rpc.Response;
public
class
HelloClient {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void
main(String[] args) throws
Exception{
URL url = new
URL("http://jim:4001/soap/servlet/rpcrouter
");
Call call = new
Call();
call.setTargetObjectURI("urn:helloservice");
call.setMethodName("sayHello");
call.setEncodingStyleURI(Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC);
Vector params = new
Vector();
params.addElement(new
Parameter("username", String.class
, "bitan", null
));
call.setParams(params);
Response resp = call.invoke(url, "");
if
(resp.generatedFault())
{
Fault fault = resp.getFault();
System.out.println("[code:" + fault.getFaultCode()
+
"];[description:" + fault.getFaultString()
+ "]");
}
else
{
Parameter result = resp.getReturnValue();
System.out.println("[value:" + result.getValue()
+ "];[name:" +
result.getName()
+ "];[class:" + result.getClass()
+
"];[type:" + result.getType()
+ "];[encoding:" +
result.getEncodingStyleURI()
+ "]");
}
call.setMethodName("getDate");
call.setEncodingStyleURI(Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC);
call.setParams(null
);
resp = call.invoke(url, "");
if
(resp.generatedFault())
{
Fault fault = resp.getFault();
System.out.println("[code:" + fault.getFaultCode() +
"];[description:" + fault.getFaultString() + "]");
}
else
{
Parameter result = resp.getReturnValue();
System.out.println("[value:" + result.getValue() + "];[name:" +
result.getName() + "];[class:" + result.getClass() +
"];[type:" + result.getType() + "];[encoding:" +
result.getEncodingStyleURI() + "]");
}
call.setMethodName("sum");
call.setEncodingStyleURI(Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC);
params = new
Vector();
params.addElement(new
Parameter("i", int
.class
, new
Integer(24), null
));
params.addElement(new
Parameter("j", int
.class
, new
Integer(37), null
));
call.setParams(params);
resp = call.invoke(url, "");
if
(resp.generatedFault())
{
Fault fault = resp.getFault();
System.out.println("[code:" + fault.getFaultCode() +
"];[description:" + fault.getFaultString() + "]");
}
else
{
Parameter result = resp.getReturnValue();
System.out.println("[value:" + result.getValue() + "];[name:" +
result.getName() + "];[class:" + result.getClass() +
"];[type:" + result.getType() + "];[encoding:" +
result.getEncodingStyleURI() + "]");
}
}
}
|
执行结果：
|
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF\classes>java org.eleaf.soap.HelloClient
[value:Hello:bitan
];[name:return];[class:class org.apache.soap.rpc.Parameter];[t
ype:class java.lang.String];[encoding:null]
[value:Wed Oct 19 14:32:29 CST 2005
];[name:return];[class:class org.apache.soap.
rpc.Parameter];[type:class java.util.Date
];[encoding:null]
[value:61
];[name:return];[class:class org.apache.soap.rpc.Parameter];[type:int
];
[encoding:null]
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF\classes>
|
删除已发布的SOAP服务：
再次调用客户程序，由于服务已被删除，客户端再次调用时返回错误代码：
|
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF>cd classes
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF\classes>java org.eleaf.soap.HelloClient
[code:SOAP-ENV:Server
];[description:service 'urn:helloservice' unknown
]
[code:SOAP-ENV:Server];[description:service 'urn:helloservice' unknown]
[code:SOAP-ENV:Server];[description:service 'urn:helloservice' unknown]
D:\work\eclipse\soap\WebRoot\WEB-INF\classes>
|