欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

使用JMX监控Tomcat(监控应用服务器系列文章)

程序员文章站 2022-03-02 18:40:43
...

前言:做了一个监控应用服务器的项目(支持Tocmat、WebSphere、WebLogic各版本), 过程也算是磕磕绊绊,由于网上缺少相关资料,或者深陷于知识的海洋难以寻觅到有效的资料,因而走过不少弯路,遇过不少困难。为了留下点印记,给后来人留下 点经验之谈,助之少走弯路,故将这些经验整理出来,与大家分享。水平有限,难免疏漏,还望指正。如有疑问,欢迎留言,或者加入Q群参与讨 论:35526521

 

一、激活Tomcat的JMX远程配置

 

要通过JMX远程监控Tomcat,首先需要激活Tomcat的JMX远程配置。

 

① 先修改Tomcat的启动脚本,windows下为bin/catalina.bat(linux下为catalina.sh),添加以下内容,8999是jmxremote使用的端口号,第二个false表示不需要鉴权:

set JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG=-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8999 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
set CATALINA_OPTS=%CATALINA_OPTS% %JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG%

 

要注意以上语句的位置不能太后面,可以加在【if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal】一句后的大段的注释后面。

 

参考官方说明:
http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/monitoring.html#Enabling_JMX_Remote

 

 

② 上面的配置是不需要鉴权的,如果需要鉴权则添加的内容为:

set JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG=-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8999 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=true -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=../conf/jmxremote.password -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=../conf/jmxremote.access
set CATALINA_OPTS=%CATALINA_OPTS% %JMX_REMOTE_CONFIG%

 

③ 然后复制并修改授权文件
$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/management下有jmxremote.access和jmxremote.password的模板文件,将两个文件复制到$CATALINA_BASE/conf目录下

◆ 修改$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access 添加内容:
     monitorRole readonly
     controlRole readwrite
◆ 修改$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.password 添加内容:
     monitorRole chenfeng
     controlRole chenfeng

 

 

注意: 如果进行了以上步骤导致Tomcat启动不了,那么很可能是密码文件的权限问题

需要修改jmxremote.password文件的访问权限,只有运行Tomcat的用户才能拥有访问权限

      Windows的NTFS文件系统下,选中文件,点右键 -->“属性”-->“安全”--> 点“高级”--> 点“更改权限”--> 去掉“从父项继承....”--> 弹出窗口中选“删除”,这样就删除了所有访问权限。再选“添加”--> “高级”--> “立即查找”,选中你的用户(或用户组,如果选用户不行那就选用户组),例administrator,点“确定",“确定"。来到权限项目窗口,勾选“完全控制”,点“确定”,OK了。

官方的提示:

      The password file should be read-only and only accessible by the operating system user Tomcat is running as.

 

④ 重新启动Tomcat,在Windows命令行输入“netstat -a”查看配置的端口号是否已打开,如果打开,说明上面的配置成功了。

 

⑤ 使用jconsole测试JMX。

运行$JAVA_HOME/bin目录下的jconsole.exe,打开J2SE监视和管理控制台,然后建立连接,如果是本地的Tomcat则直接选择然后点击连接,如果是远程的,则进入远程选项卡,填写地址、端口号、用户名、口令即可连接。。Mbean属性页中给出了相应的数据,Catalina中是tomcat的,java.lang是jvm的。对于加粗的黑体属性值,需双击一下才可看内容。

 

 

二、使用JMX监控Tomcat示例代码

String jmxURL = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://192.168.10.93:8999/jmxrmi";
JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(jmxURL);

Map map = new HashMap();
// 用户名密码,在jmxremote.password文件中查看
String[] credentials = new String[] { "monitorRole", "tomcat" };
map.put("jmx.remote.credentials", credentials);
JMXConnector connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, map);
MBeanServerConnection mbsc = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();

// 端口最好是动态取得
ObjectName threadObjName = new ObjectName("Catalina:type=ThreadPool,name=http-8080");
MBeanInfo mbInfo = mbsc.getMBeanInfo(threadObjName);

// tomcat的线程数对应的属性值
String attrName = "currentThreadCount";
MBeanAttributeInfo[] mbAttributes = mbInfo.getAttributes();
System.out.println("currentThreadCount:" + mbsc.getAttribute(threadObjName, attrName));

 

 

 

 

 

三、完整的示例代码文件

import java.lang.management.MemoryUsage;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.management.MBeanAttributeInfo;
import javax.management.MBeanInfo;
import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
import javax.management.ObjectInstance;
import javax.management.ObjectName;
import javax.management.openmbean.CompositeDataSupport;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory;
import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;

public class JMXTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {

			String jmxURL = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://127.0.0.1:8999/jmxrmi";

			JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(jmxURL);

			Map map = new HashMap();
			String[] credentials = new String[] { "monitorRole", "tomcat" };
			map.put("jmx.remote.credentials", credentials);
			JMXConnector connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL,
					map);
			MBeanServerConnection mbsc = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();

			// 端口最好是动态取得
			ObjectName threadObjName = new ObjectName(
					"Catalina:type=ThreadPool,name=http-8080");
			MBeanInfo mbInfo = mbsc.getMBeanInfo(threadObjName);

			String attrName = "currentThreadCount";// tomcat的线程数对应的属性值
			MBeanAttributeInfo[] mbAttributes = mbInfo.getAttributes();
			System.out.println("currentThreadCount:"
					+ mbsc.getAttribute(threadObjName, attrName));

			// heap
			for (int j = 0; j < mbsc.getDomains().length; j++) {
				System.out.println("###########" + mbsc.getDomains()[j]);
			}
			Set MBeanset = mbsc.queryMBeans(null, null);
			System.out.println("MBeanset.size() : " + MBeanset.size());
			Iterator MBeansetIterator = MBeanset.iterator();
			while (MBeansetIterator.hasNext()) {
				ObjectInstance objectInstance = (ObjectInstance) MBeansetIterator
						.next();
				ObjectName objectName = objectInstance.getObjectName();
				String canonicalName = objectName.getCanonicalName();
				System.out.println("canonicalName : " + canonicalName);
				if (canonicalName
						.equals("Catalina:host=localhost,type=Cluster")) {
					// Get details of cluster MBeans
					System.out.println("Cluster MBeans Details:");
					System.out
							.println("=========================================");
					// getMBeansDetails(canonicalName);
					String canonicalKeyPropList = objectName
							.getCanonicalKeyPropertyListString();
				}
			}
			// ------------------------- system ----------------------
			ObjectName runtimeObjName = new ObjectName("java.lang:type=Runtime");
			System.out.println("厂商:"
					+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmVendor"));
			System.out.println("程序:"
					+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmName"));
			System.out.println("版本:"
					+ (String) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "VmVersion"));
			Date starttime = new Date((Long) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName,
					"StartTime"));
			SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
			System.out.println("启动时间:" + df.format(starttime));

			Long timespan = (Long) mbsc.getAttribute(runtimeObjName, "Uptime");
			System.out.println("连续工作时间:" + JMXTest.formatTimeSpan(timespan));
			// ------------------------ JVM -------------------------
			// 堆使用率
			ObjectName heapObjName = new ObjectName("java.lang:type=Memory");
			MemoryUsage heapMemoryUsage = MemoryUsage
					.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(heapObjName,
							"HeapMemoryUsage"));
			long maxMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getMax();// 堆最大
			long commitMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getCommitted();// 堆当前分配
			long usedMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();
			System.out.println("heap:" + (double) usedMemory * 100
					/ commitMemory + "%");// 堆使用率

			MemoryUsage nonheapMemoryUsage = MemoryUsage
					.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(heapObjName,
							"NonHeapMemoryUsage"));
			long noncommitMemory = nonheapMemoryUsage.getCommitted();
			long nonusedMemory = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();
			System.out.println("nonheap:" + (double) nonusedMemory * 100
					/ noncommitMemory + "%");

			ObjectName permObjName = new ObjectName(
					"java.lang:type=MemoryPool,name=Perm Gen");
			MemoryUsage permGenUsage = MemoryUsage
					.from((CompositeDataSupport) mbsc.getAttribute(permObjName,
							"Usage"));
			long committed = permGenUsage.getCommitted();// 持久堆大小
			long used = heapMemoryUsage.getUsed();//
			System.out.println("perm gen:" + (double) used * 100 / committed
					+ "%");// 持久堆使用率

			// -------------------- Session ---------------
			ObjectName managerObjName = new ObjectName(
					"Catalina:type=Manager,*");
			Set<ObjectName> s = mbsc.queryNames(managerObjName, null);
			for (ObjectName obj : s) {
				System.out.println("应用名:" + obj.getKeyProperty("path"));
				ObjectName objname = new ObjectName(obj.getCanonicalName());
				System.out.println("最大会话数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "maxActiveSessions"));
				System.out.println("会话数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "activeSessions"));
				System.out.println("活动会话数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "sessionCounter"));
			}

			// ----------------- Thread Pool ----------------
			ObjectName threadpoolObjName = new ObjectName(
					"Catalina:type=ThreadPool,*");
			Set<ObjectName> s2 = mbsc.queryNames(threadpoolObjName, null);
			for (ObjectName obj : s2) {
				System.out.println("端口名:" + obj.getKeyProperty("name"));
				ObjectName objname = new ObjectName(obj.getCanonicalName());
				System.out.println("最大线程数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "maxThreads"));
				System.out.println("当前线程数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "currentThreadCount"));
				System.out.println("繁忙线程数:"
						+ mbsc.getAttribute(objname, "currentThreadsBusy"));
			}

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public static String formatTimeSpan(long span) {
		long minseconds = span % 1000;

		span = span / 1000;
		long seconds = span % 60;

		span = span / 60;
		long mins = span % 60;

		span = span / 60;
		long hours = span % 24;

		span = span / 24;
		long days = span;
		return (new Formatter()).format("%1$d天 %2$02d:%3$02d:%4$02d.%5$03d",
				days, hours, mins, seconds, minseconds).toString();
	}
}