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SpringCloud学习笔记(一)

程序员文章站 2022-03-20 12:19:38
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声明:关于springcloud微服务的整套学习笔记都是基于开源项目AG-Admin的学习而整理的,本次文章中所涉及的包名或人名都沿用开源项目里面的名称,也算是给老A推广推广他的项目吧。项目地址:https://gitee.com/geek_qi/ace-security。感谢老A能够带头去搭建一个完整的spingcloud的微服务架构,这对于想要学习springcloud 的新手来说是莫大的福利。鉴于自己对这个项目的理解和学习,打算写一系列文章记录下来,方便自己以后查找使用,同时也能给需要的人提供一些参考。   

        首先大家需要对Eureka,Zuul、Ribbon等一些词语及它所对应的功能有一些了解,关于它们的作用我这里就不介绍了,下面主要想讲一**册中心和网关的搭建。

一、搭建注册中心

首先新建一个父工程,引入springcloud相关的依赖:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.github.wxiaoqi.learning</groupId>
    <artifactId>ag-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.14</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.33</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.11</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>


</project>
父工程的名称叫ag-parent,接下来我们创建一个子工程取名ag-eureka,也就是注册中心,配置文件如下:

spring:
  application:
    name: ag-eureka
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false #不作为客户端注册到服务中心
    fetch-registry: false #发现注册中心(否)
server:
  port: 8761
依赖文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>ag-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.github.wxiaoqi.learning</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>ag-eureka</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
距离注册中心搭建完成还差最后一步:

新建一个包,在包中创建EurekaBootstrap启动类,内容如下:

package com.github.wxiaoqi.ag.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/**
 * <pre>
 *    author  : lpf
 *    time    : 2017/10/2911:14
 *    desc    : 输入描述
 * </pre>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaBootstrap {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaBootstrap.class,args);
    }
}
至此,注册中心就搭建完成了,怎么样?是不是觉得简单又快捷呢?启动后访问8761端口看到如下页面就说明注册中心搭建成功了。
SpringCloud学习笔记(一)

二、搭建网关

在ag-parent模块下面我们新建一个module叫ag-zuul,网关的搭建也分三部分:配置文件、依赖文件和启动类。

配置文件如下:

spring:
  application:
    name: ag-gate
zuul:
  prefix: /api #拦截所有以api开头的请求都经过zuul路由
  routes: #todo 路由定义
    user-center:
      path: /uc/**
      serviceId: user-center
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
server:
  port: 8765
依赖文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>ag-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.github.wxiaoqi.learning</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>ag-zuul</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
新建一个启动类叫APIGateBootstrap,代码如下:

package com.github.wxiaoqi.gate;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

/**
 * <pre>
 *    author  : lpf
 *    time    : 2017/10/2922:08
 *    desc    : 输入描述
 * </pre>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class APIGateBootstrap {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(APIGateBootstrap.class,args);
    }
}
这个时候我们启动网关微服务,它 就会注册到eureka注册中心上了,如下图:

SpringCloud学习笔记(一)
下一篇我们再介绍配置微服务和用户微服务的搭建和访问。