matplotlib.pyplot.axis()与matplotlib.pyplot.axes()结构及用法

• matplotlib.pyplot.axis() 官方文档

matplotlib.pyplot.axis(*v, **kwargs)

获得或设定axis内容的便利方法。

常用参数：

xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax : float, optional

The axis limits to be set. Either none or all of the limits must be given.

option : str

Possible values:

Value	Description
‘on’	Turn on axis lines and labels.
‘off’	Turn off axis lines and labels.
‘equal’	Set equal scaling (i.e., make circles circular) by changing axis limits.
‘scaled’	Set equal scaling (i.e., make circles circular) by changing dimensions of the plot box.
‘tight’	Set limits just large enough to show all data.
‘auto’	Automatic scaling (fill plot box with data).
‘normal’	Same as ‘auto’; deprecated.
‘image’	‘scaled’ with axis limits equal to data limits.
‘square’	Square plot; similar to ‘scaled’, but initially forcing xmax-xmin = ymax-ymin.

emit : bool, optional, default True

Whether observers are notified of the axis limit change. This option is passed on to set_xlim andset_ylim.

• matplotlib.pyplot.axes() 官方文档

matplotlib.pyplot.axes(arg=None, **kwargs)

在当前figure新增一个axes对象，并设为当前活动。

axes不是数学上的座标轴，而是图形结构中的一个对象。所有绘图函数都是直接作用在当前axes对象上。

# 示例
plt.axes()
plt.axes(rect, projection=None, polar=False, **kwargs)
plt.axes(ax)

常用参数：

arg : { None, 4-tuple, Axes }

The exact behavior of this function depends on the type:

• None: A new full window axes is added using subplot(111, **kwargs)

• 4-tuple of floats rect = [left, bottom, width, height]. A new axes is added with dimensions rect in normalized (0, 1) units using add_axes on the current figure.

• Axes: This is equivalent to pyplot.sca. It sets the current axes to arg. Note: This implicitly changes the current figure to the parent of arg.

  Note

projection : {None, ‘aitoff’, ‘hammer’, ‘lambert’, ‘mollweide’, ‘polar’, ‘rectilinear’, str}, optional

The projection type of the Axes. str is the name of a costum projection, see projections. The default None results in a ‘rectilinear’ projection.

polar : boolean, optional

If True, equivalent to projection=‘polar’.

sharex, sharey : Axes, optional

Share the x or y axis with sharex and/or sharey. The axis will have the same limits, ticks, and scale as the axis of the shared axes.

label : str

A label for the returned axes.