springMVC实现示例
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2022-03-18 19:18:03
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1、导入相应Jar包
2、在web.xml中配置Servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 核心控制器的配置DispatchServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 标记容器是否在web应用启动时就加载这个servlet（实例化并调用其init()方法），必须是一个整数，表示servlet被加载的先后顺序，
如果没有设置或为负数，则容器会当Servlet被请求时再加载，如果值为正整数或者为0时，表示在应用启动时就加在并初始化这Servlet，值越小，
Servlet的优先级越高，越先被加载，值相同时，容器根据自己选择顺序加载 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<!--这里的servlet-name对应上面的servlet中的servlet-name，要相同 -->
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!-- /代表springmvc将会拦截处理项目中所有url请求 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3、创建springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 配置处理器映射HandlerMapping -->
<bean name="/index.html" class="cn.smbms.controller.IndexController"></bean>
<!-- 视图解析器/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 给返回的值加上前缀和后缀,将返回的值变成/WEB-IN/jsp/**.jsp -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4、配置Controller
package cn.smbms.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class IndexController extends AbstractController {
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0,
HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("hahaha");
//这里返回的值，视图解析器会给它加上前缀和后缀，变成网址：http://localhost:8080/SMBMS_MVC/index.jsp
return new ModelAndView("index");
}
}
5、创建View
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
jsp,jsp
</body>
</html>
以上就可以实现一个简单的springmvc，还可以通过注解的方式，把一个URL映射到Controller上，需要修改springmvc-servlet.xml
6、HandlerMapping(处理映射器)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 配置处理器映射HandlerMapping -->
<!-- <bean name="/index.html" class="cn.smbms.controller.IndexController"></bean> -->
<!-- 自动注册bean -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 对包进行扫描，将bean注入容器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.smbms.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 视图解析器/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
7、Controller修改
以下代码都可以实现与上面代码的相同效果，还可以通过@RequestMapping("/index")来实现多个方法。
package cn.smbms.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class IndexController{
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index(){
System.out.println("springMVC");
return "index";
}
}
package cn.smbms.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class IndexController{
@RequestMapping("/index")
public ModelAndView index(){
System.out.println("springMVC");
return new ModelAndView("index");
}
}