matplotlib入门（三）

目录

 

subplot多合一显示

subplot分格显示

图中图

次坐标轴

Animation动画

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subplot多合一显示

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure()
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot([0,1],[0,1])

plt.subplot(2,3,4)
plt.plot([0,1],[0,2])

plt.subplot(2,3,5)
plt.plot([0,1],[0,3])

plt.subplot(2,3,6)
plt.plot([0,1],[0,4])
plt.show()

subplot分格显示

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
#method 1
plt.figure()
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((3,3),(0,0),colspan=3,rowspan=1)
ax1.plot([1,2],[1,2])
ax1.set_title('ax1_title')
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((3,3),(1,0),colspan=2,)
ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((3,3),(1,2),rowspan=2)
ax4 = plt.subplot2grid((3,3),(2,0),)
ax5 = plt.subplot2grid((3,3),(2,1),)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
#method 2
plt.figure()
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(3,3)
ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[0,:])
ax2 = plt.subplot(gs[1,:2])
ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[1:,2])
ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[-1,0])
ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[-1,-2])

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

f,((ax11,ax12),(ax21,ax22)) = plt.subplots(2,2,sharex=True,sharey=True)
ax11.scatter([1,2],[1,2])

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

图中图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig = plt.figure()
x = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
y = [1,3,4,2,5,8,6]

left,bottom,width,height = 0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8
ax1 = fig.add_axes([left,bottom,width,height])
ax1.plot(x,y,'r')
ax1.set_xlabel('x')
ax1.set_ylabel('y')
ax1.set_title('title')

left,bottom,width,height = 0.2,0.6,0.25,0.25
ax2 = fig.add_axes([left,bottom,width,height])
ax2.plot(y,x,'b')
ax2.set_xlabel('x')
ax2.set_ylabel('y')
ax2.set_title('title inside 1')

plt.axes([0.6,0.2,0.25,0.25])
plt.plot(y[::-1],x,'g')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.title('title inside 2')

plt.show()

次坐标轴

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.arange(0,10,0.1)
y1 = 0.05*x**2
y2 = -1*y1

fig,ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax1.plot(x,y1,'g-')
ax2.plot(x,y2,'b--')

ax1.set_xlabel('X data')
ax1.set_ylabel('Y1',color='g')
ax2.set_ylabel('Y2',color='b')

plt.show()

Animation动画

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import animation

fig,ax = plt.subplots()
x = np.arange(0,2*np.pi,0.01)
line, = ax.plot(x,np.sin(x))
def animate(i):
    line.set_ydata(np.sin(x+i/10))
    return line,
def init():
    line.set_ydata(np.sin(x))
    return line,

ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig=fig,func=animate,frames=100,init_func=init,interval=20,blit=True) #100帧
plt.show()