Python SMTP服务发送邮件

1. 首选需要拥有自己的SMTP服务器，为了方便我选择使用QQ的SMTP服务。所有首先启动QQ邮箱的SMTP服务，具体启用方式：登录QQ邮箱=》设置=》账户：
   
   此时会生成授权码，授权码为QQSMTP服务器的密码，账户为当前邮箱账户。

2.简单的发送邮件SMTP（不含附件）

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

#设置发送者
sender='[e-mail]'
#设置接受者
receivers= ['[e-mail]']
#主题名称
subject = 'hellow word'

#设置邮件内容
message = MIMEText('this is a example send by python smtp','plain','utf-8')

#发送者名称
message['From'] = Header('jecat','utf-8')
#接收者名称
message['To'] = Header('example','utf-8')
#邮件主题或者标题
message['Subject'] = Header(subject,'utf-8');

try:
    #设置SMTP服务器地址
    smtpobj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com',465)
    #登录SMTP服务器
    smtpobj.login('[e-mail]','服务器授权码');
    #发送邮件
    smtpobj.sendmail(sender,receivers,message.as_string());
    print('邮件发送成功')
except BaseException as msg:
    print('邮件发送失败'),
    print(msg);

测试结果：

3.发送邮件带附件SMTP

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

#设置发送者
sender='[e-mail]'
#设置接受者
receivers= ['[e-mail]']
#主题名称
subject = 'hellow word'

#设置邮件内容
message = MIMEMultipart()

#发送者名称
message['From'] = Header('jecat','utf-8')
#接收者名称
message['To'] = Header('example','utf-8')
#邮件主题或者标题
message['Subject'] = Header(subject,'utf-8');

#设置邮件正文
text = MIMEText('email conetnet example','plain','utf-8')
message.attach(text);

#构造附件,上传e:\python\client.py e:\python\server.py
#上传文件位置
upfiles = ['e:\python\client.py','e:\python\server.py']
#上传文件服务器保存的名称
filenams = ['client.py','server.py']

for index in range(len(upfiles)):
    try:
        attr = MIMEText(open(upfiles[index],'r+b').read(),'base64','utf-8')
        attr['Content-Type']='application/octet-stream'
        filename = '{0}{1}'.format('attachment; filename=',filenams[index])
        attr["Content-Disposition"] = filename
        message.attach(attr)
    except BaseException as msg:
        print("read filed failed %s"%msg)
        pass

try:
    #设置SMTP服务器地址
    smtpobj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com',465)
    #登录SMTP服务器
    smtpobj.login('[e-mail]','服务器授权码');
    #发送邮件
    smtpobj.sendmail(sender,receivers,message.as_string());
    print('邮件发送成功')
    smtpobj.close();
except BaseException as msg:
    print('邮件发送失败'),
    print(msg);
    smtpobj.close();

4.读取邮件并且下载附件POP3
发现使用pop.qq.com取到的文件数量比实际少？？

import poplib
import email
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import decode_header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.utils import parseaddr
from email.parser import Parser

#对邮件内容的文字进行解码
def decode_str(s):
    val,charset = decode_header(s)[0]
    if charset:
        val = val.decode(charset)
    return  val

#猜测内容编码方式
def guess_chart(msg):
    #获取msg的编码
    chartset = msg.get_charset()
    if chartset is None:
        #如果获取不到则从content-type里面获取
        content_type = msg.get('Content-Type','').lower()
        pos = content_type.find('charset=')
        if pos >= 0:
            chartset = content_type[pos+8:].strip()
    return  chartset

#获取emial的文件头里面的内容
def get_email_object(email_msg,itemname):
    item_val = email_msg.get(itemname,'')
    if item_val:
        if itemname == 'Subject':
            #解码subject
            return  decode_str(item_val)
        if itemname == 'From' or itemname == 'To':
            #解析发送者的名称和地址
            hdr,addr =  parseaddr(item_val)
            name = decode_str(hdr)
            return  '%s <%s>' % (name,addr)
        else:
            return  item_val

try:
    #设置SMTP服务器地址
    popobj = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.qq.com')
    print(popobj.getwelcome());
    #登录SMTP服务器
    popobj.user('[e-mail]')
    popobj.pass_("服务器授权码")
    #获取邮箱信息
    messagecount,messagesize = popobj.stat();
    print('邮件个数:%d' % messagecount)
    print('邮件大小:%d' % messagesize)

    #获取邮件
    resp,mails,octets = popobj.list();

    #邮件响应结果bok
    print(resp);
    #邮件列表（下标，大小 ....）
    print(mails);
    print(octets);
    print('****************************************************************************************')

    for index in range(1,len(mails)):
        # lines 存储原始邮件的每行数据
        resp, lines, octets = popobj.retr(index)
        #将每一行的内容合并成一个字符串,注意这里需要是bytes
        msg_content = b'\r\n'.join(lines)
        #开始解析邮件内容，这里需要是text
        msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content.decode())

        #解析Emai的基本信息 From To Date Subject
        print(msg.get_content_type())
        EmailHeader = {}
        EmailHeader['From'] = get_email_object(msg, 'From')
        EmailHeader['To'] = get_email_object(msg, 'To')
        EmailHeader['Date'] = get_email_object(msg, 'Date')
        EmailHeader['Subject'] = get_email_object(msg, 'Subject')
        print(EmailHeader)
        print('****************************************************************************************')
        #这里下载邮件附件，保存在当前路径下面
        for part in msg.walk():
            filename = part.get_filename()
            content_type = part.get_content_type()
            #保存附件，filename 为附件名称
            if filename:
                #解码文件名称
                h = decode_str(filename)
                #获取文件内容
                data = part.get_payload(decode=True)
                att_file = open('./download/'+h,'w+b');
                att_file.write(data)
                att_file.close()
                print('download file=%s' % h)
            #保存邮件正文,并不写文件,可以根据文件类型写文件
            elif content_type == 'text/plain' or content_type == 'text/html':
                data = part.get_payload(decode=True)
                charset = guess_chart(part)
                if charset:
                    charset = charset.strip().split(';')[0]
                    data = data.decode(charset)
                    print(data)
except BaseException as msg:
    print('邮件发送失败'),
    print(msg);