测量几个光电传感器反向电容

程序员文章站 2022-03-16 11:12:51

➤ 01测量背景在 DIY粒子检测器中使用了光电管 BPX61 ，这款传感器与BPW31都属于PIN二极管，由于对应的耗散区以及本征区的厚度比较大，适合接收粒子，并具有较小的结电容。而 BPW-21光电二极管则具有很大的结电容，对应的PIN中的耗散区就小的多。通过测量光电管（BPX61,BPW31,BPW-21）的反向电压与结电容之间的关系可以反过来对比它们PIN节的厚度。➤ 02实验过程1.测量方法使用 LC100-A全功能型电感电容表,电感表，电容表，LC...

➤ 01测量背景

在 DIY粒子检测器 中使用了光电管 BPX61 ，这款传感器与BPW31都属于PIN二极管，由于对应的耗散区以及本征区的厚度比较大，适合接收粒子，并具有较小的结电容。而 BPW-21光电二极管 则具有很大的结电容，对应的PIN中的耗散区就小的多。

通过测量光电管（BPX61,BPW31,BPW-21）的反向电压与结电容之间的关系可以反过来对比它们PIN节的厚度。

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ LC100-A电容、电感测试模块}

➤ 02实验过程

1.测量方法

使用 LC100-A全功能型电感电容表,电感表，电容表，LC meter串口数据 来自动读取测量的电容值。使用程控编程直流电源DP1308A设置偏压。

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ 测量电路}

2.测量结果

(1) BPW31

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ BPW31反向电压与结电容之间的关系}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[94.21,80.53,70.78,66.53,61.55,57.29,56.67,53.55,50.81,50.80,51.61,48.58,47.09,46.23,45.46,44.10,42.99,44.11,40.49,42.22,40.60,40.81,41.53,41.21,40.69,40.37,40.93,41.25,40.03,39.34,39.79,39.70,38.99,39.05,39.48,37.88,38.62,39.39,37.75,35.90,36.97,37.42,36.72,37.44,35.62,32.84,35.70,37.40,34.70,36.00]

(2) BPW-21

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ BPW-21结电容与反向电压}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[1110.23,1023.32,944.05,891.17,866.65,818.98,793.59,793.45,739.16,711.65,685.59,664.11,642.78,630.24,609.71,599.30,584.88,568.73,552.82,533.40,529.70,509.85,500.37,486.71,482.99,474.44,474.97,469.55,464.15,462.56,457.89,459.15,453.88,451.25,447.73,443.84,444.15,439.81,438.78,432.21,429.60,424.66,422.92,417.71,412.72,409.51,404.78,399.51,395.89,393.53]

(3) BPX-61

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ BPX-61结电容与反向电压}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[78.14,72.65,50.20,46.32,41.56,39.50,35.03,34.92,32.96,29.07,31.33,26.64,26.73,29.14,26.58,24.96,25.77,24.99,22.89,23.29,21.78,22.10,22.94,22.82,21.27,21.07,21.35,21.70,19.95,20.15,21.83,21.28,20.88,19.78,19.43,21.54,20.49,18.73,20.19,20.19,17.39,18.13,19.28,18.58,19.93,18.59,16.05,14.73,16.72,15.96]

(4) 1SV149

测量几个光电传感器反向电容

^{▲ 1SV149结电容与反向电压}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[617.42,574.64,532.00,490.91,461.50,444.53,434.82,426.46,412.24,398.63,385.46,369.42,356.56,346.39,335.08,321.89,304.03,296.15,280.64,273.45,265.82,253.99,241.89,235.32,225.74,212.52,203.25,195.42,186.19,175.53,166.57,158.94,147.97,143.07,135.00,120.46,101.82,90.15,75.35,60.06,51.75,40.20,38.20,35.15,34.12,34.49,33.89,29.79,28.42,25.83]

这个测试结果显示的很奇怪的变化曲线的情况：中间部分（0.5-4.5V）之间是近似线性变化，但其他部分变化不同。

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST1.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2020-10-10
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tshardware    import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *

dp1308open(110)
dp1308p6v(0)

time.sleep(1)

setv = linspace(0, 6, 50)
cdim = []

for v in setv:
    dp1308p6v(v)
    time.sleep(.5)

    while True:
        c = int(zbcmdwait(b'lc100-a', 1, .5)) / 100.0
        if c >= 10: break
        time.sleep(.5)

    cdim.append(c)
    printff(v, c)
    tspsave('data', v=setv, c=cdim)

#------------------------------------------------------------

plt.plot(setv, cdim)
plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Capacity(pF)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST1.PY
#============================================================

➤ ※ 结论

通过 LC100-A全功能型电感电容表,电感表，电容表，LC meter串口数据 测量电容，大大提高了测量的效率。

对于三种光电管所测量的反向电压与结电容之间的关系，与 Smartphone and Tablet-Based Sensing of Environmental Radioactivity: Mobile Low-Cost Measurements for Monitoring, Citizen Science, and Educational Purposes 中给出的实验结果都很相似，反映了PIN光电二极管的结厚度随着反向电压增加而增加，从而导致结电容减小。

➤ ※ 疑问

在测量变容二极管1SV149的过程中，可以明显看到它的电容变化呈现非常奇怪的变化形式。怀疑是否是因为在待测器件上施加的偏压造成的LC100-A测量模块受到干扰。

下面在1VS149上串联一个0.1uF（远远大于1SV149结电容），重新测量，这样便可以消除在二极管上的偏压造成的影响。测量的数据如下。

从中仍然可以看到对应的变化非线性还是依然存在的。

v=[0.000,0.061,0.121,0.182,0.242,0.303,0.364,0.424,0.485,0.545,0.606,0.667,0.727,0.788,0.848,0.909,0.970,1.030,1.091,1.152,1.212,1.273,1.333,1.394,1.455,1.515,1.576,1.636,1.697,1.758,1.818,1.879,1.939,2.000,2.061,2.121,2.182,2.242,2.303,2.364,2.424,2.485,2.545,2.606,2.667,2.727,2.788,2.848,2.909,2.970,3.030,3.091,3.152,3.212,3.273,3.333,3.394,3.455,3.515,3.576,3.636,3.697,3.758,3.818,3.879,3.939,4.000,4.061,4.121,4.182,4.242,4.303,4.364,4.424,4.485,4.545,4.606,4.667,4.727,4.788,4.848,4.909,4.970,5.030,5.091,5.152,5.212,5.273,5.333,5.394,5.455,5.515,5.576,5.636,5.697,5.758,5.818,5.879,5.939,6.000]
c=[612.580,593.880,571.820,553.880,551.420,522.400,514.190,495.100,482.650,471.080,461.560,449.860,439.730,437.940,421.300,415.930,404.270,396.400,388.710,384.140,376.170,367.410,360.870,354.420,348.180,345.210,336.320,330.630,325.080,320.610,314.420,309.190,304.190,300.330,294.370,289.680,284.980,280.470,277.100,271.490,267.170,266.580,258.960,256.500,251.630,246.210,242.120,238.090,235.180,230.080,227.950,222.170,222.170,215.650,211.240,206.350,202.340,198.290,194.270,192.140,185.960,181.730,177.300,176.530,168.510,163.610,158.630,153.450,148.110,142.450,139.380,130.120,130.140,118.770,110.510,105.910,95.100,88.410,82.510,78.820,72.990,69.390,69.000,64.340,62.140,61.890,59.050,57.730,56.890,55.640,54.760,54.750,53.320,52.580,51.990,51.440,50.940,50.440,49.990,49.850]