springMVC注解之入门
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2022-07-15 11:10:50
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第一步:web.xml配置
<!-- lang: xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springmvc-chapter2</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置Servlet的分发以及对springMVC文件的初始路径的引用 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>chapter1</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/chapter1-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 标识启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>chapter1</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置系统的编码集合 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
第二步:springMVC文件的配置,chapter1-servlet.xml
<!-- lang: xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org /schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 开启注解,因为每次启动都会调用下面两个类,所以springMVC将其集成到一个配置里面,配置了
这个,下面两个启用注解的类就可以不配置了 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 此配置的作用是用来扫描所有需要注解的类,只有被扫描的类才能使用注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.javass.chapter2.web.controller"/>
<!-- 启用注解,这两个类是使用注解时必须所配置的类,第一个作用是通过url找到类,第二个作用是通过类找到方法-->
<!-- <bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean>
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"></bean> -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
这个配置文件,如果一些配置报错,那么极有可能是xml文件的头部的那个schema验证有问题,到网上找些正确的就OK啦!
第三步:新建一个jsp页面,hello.jsp
<!-- lang: html -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:forEach items="${map }" var="m">
<c:out value="${m.value }">${m.value }</c:out>
${m.key }----------->${m.value }
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
第四步:新建一个Controller,HelloWorldController.java
<!-- lang: java -->
package cn.javass.chapter2.web.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController{
@RequestMapping(value="/hello",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 1、收集参数、验证参数
// 2、绑定参数到命令对象n
// 3、将命令对象传入业务对象进行业务处理
// 4、选择下一个页面
/*ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 添加模型数据 可以是任意的POJO对象
mv.addObject("message", "This is the first test Hello World!");
// 设置逻辑视图名,视图解析器会根据该名字解析到具体的视图页面
mv.setViewName("hello");*/
System.out.println("进入此方法!");
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("map1", "springMVC测试1");
map.put("map2", "springMVC测试2");
map.put("map3", "springMVC测试3");
return new ModelAndView("/hello","map",map);
}
}
@Controller注解写了之后(必须),Spring都会把它当做需要注入的Bean加载在上下文中,从而代替之前配置文件的功能;@RequestMapping(value="/hello",method=RequestMethod.GET),value代表访问路径,method代表请求方式,此处用GET请求,换成POST请求也可以。最后返回到hello.jsp视图。
启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc-chapter2/hello,结果如下:
至此,一个简单的springMVC注解就完成了!
转载于:https://my.oschina.net/hugohxb/blog/181704
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