SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现

程序员文章站 2022-07-15 09:42:30

...

Nacos就是注册中心 + 配置中心的组合

Nacos=Eureka + Config + Bus

安装并运行nacos

先从官网下载Nacos
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.1.4
推荐百度云下载，github下载太慢了，提取码rest
https://pan.baidu.com/share/init?surl=186nmlqPGows9gUZKAx8Zw

解压安装包，直接运行bin目录下的cmd startup.cmd

linux版本：sh startup.sh

命令运行成功后直接访问http://localhost:8848/nacos
默认账户密码都是nacos

Nacos作为服务注册中心演示

先创建maven父子项目

1.先创建一个maven父项目，删除src的代码部分，然后修改pom文件

<packaging>pom</packaging>这个要牢记

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <modules>
        <module>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002</module>

    </modules>

    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--<dependency>-->
                <!--<groupId>mysql</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>-->
                <!--<version>${mysql.version}</version>-->
            <!--</dependency>-->
            <!--<dependency>-->
                <!--<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>druid</artifactId>-->
                <!--<version>${druid.version}</version>-->
            <!--</dependency>-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--<dependency>-->
                <!--<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>-->
                <!--<version>${lombok.version}</version>-->
                <!--<optional>true</optional>-->
            <!--</dependency>-->
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

创建基于Nacos的服务提供者
新建Module
cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001
POM
本模块POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002</artifactId>



    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

 <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos nacos无论是服务注册方还是服务提供方都依赖这个包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.10:8848 #配置Nacos地址
        #server-addr: 192.168.1.10:1111 #使用nginx负载均衡注册服务，1111是nginx设置的监听端口号

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

主启动

package com.atguigu.springcloud.providerpayment9001;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

/**
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class CloudalibabaProviderPayment9001Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CloudalibabaProviderPayment9001Application.class, args);
    }

}

@EnableDiscoveryClient
表示这个项目是一个nacos客户端

业务类

package com.atguigu.springcloud.providerpayment9001.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id)
    {
        return "nacos registry, serverPort: "+ serverPort+"\t id"+id;
    }
}

测试
http://localhost:9001/payment/nacos/31
nacos控制台

SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现
nacos服务注册中心+服务提供者9001都ok了
为了下一章节演示Nacos的负载均衡，参照9001新建9002
这里如果名字取错了还暴力删除导致创建的工程没有source标志的，那是因为父工程的.idea文件没有更新，记得关掉项目删除.idea，再重新导入项目即可

cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002
取巧的方法是，直接拷贝虚拟端口映射

基于Nacos的服务消费者
新建Module
cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83
POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83</artifactId>




    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <!--<dependency>-->
            <!--<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>-->
            <!--<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>-->
            <!--<version>${project.version}</version>-->
        <!--</dependency>-->
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

为什么nacos支持负载均衡

SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现

nacos内置了ribbon
YML

消费者也会把自己注册进nacos

server:
  port: 83

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.10:8848


#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

主启动类

package com.atguigu.springcloud.consumernacosorder83;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

/**
 * nacos整合了ribbon天生具有负载均衡功能
 */
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class CloudalibabaConsumerNacosOrder83Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CloudalibabaConsumerNacosOrder83Application.class, args);
    }

}

业务类
ApplicationContextConfig

package com.atguigu.springcloud.consumernacosorder83.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * RestTemplate如果访问集群服务器必须加上@LoadBalanced要不然不知道该访问哪一个服务器而报错
 */
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
//    @Bean
//    @LoadBalanced
//    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
//    {
//        return new RestTemplate();
//    }
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

OrderNacosController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.consumernacosorder83.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        //return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id,String.class);
        return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id,String.class);
    }

}

测试
http://localhost:83/consumer/payment/nacos/31
服务注册中心对比
各种注册中心对比
Nacos和CAP

SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现
切换
Nacos支持AP和CP模式的切换

SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现

SpringCloudAlibaba服务注册与发现

详解Spring Cloud Consul 实现服务注册和发现

Spring-cloud 服务发现与消费(以ribbon为例)

SpringCloud之服务注册与发现Spring Cloud Eureka实例代码

ASP.NET Core依赖注入系列教程之服务的注册与提供

1、微服务--为什么有consul，consul注册，心跳检测，服务发现

服务注册和发现（Consul）

springcloud使用之服务的注册发现与消费

基于 Consul 实现 MagicOnion(GRpc) 服务注册与发现

Eureka（服务注册与发现）简单入门

Windows环境下实现Consul服务注册和服务发现