比特币BTC私有链搭建

程序员文章站 2022-07-14 16:00:36

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下载并安装可执行程序

1、下载 bitcoind/bitcoin-cli ：BTC 节点服务端/客户端程序

创建本地目录结构如下

新建目录

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ pwd
/home/devops/coins/bitcoin-regtest

新建相关文件和子目录

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ tree
.
├── bitcoind-cli.sh  //客户端查询脚本
├── conf
│   └── bitcoin.conf	//节点配置文件
└── run-bitcoin.sh   //节点启动脚本
└── data    //存放数据的目录，包含debug.log

文件和脚本内容如下

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ cat ./bitcoind-cli.sh
#!/bin/bash
#

if [ $# -eq 0 ];then
	echo "Error, Usage: $(basename $0) method"
	exit 2
fi

bitcoin-cli -rpcport=18443 -rpcuser=wayki [email protected]  [email protected]
[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ cat conf/bitcoin.conf
regtest=1
server=1
rpcuser=wayki
[email protected]
rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
txindex=1
gen=1

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ cat run-bitcoin.sh
#!/bin/bash

basedir=/home/devops/coins/bitcoin-regtest
bitcoind -daemon -conf=$basedir/conf/bitcoin.conf -txindex -rpcbind=0.0.0.0 -datadir=$basedir/data

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$

配置文件说明

todo

启动节点

运行脚本启动

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./run-bitcoin.sh
Bitcoin server starting

查看log

[[email protected] regtest]$ tail -f debug.log
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z init message: Starting network threads...
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z addcon thread start
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z dnsseed thread start
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z Loading addresses from DNS seeds (could take a while)
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z 0 addresses found from DNS seeds
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z dnsseed thread exit
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z init message: Done loading
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z net thread start
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z msghand thread start
2019-12-27T03:49:39Z opencon thread start

查看进程和端口是否正常

结果同预想一直，默认私有链regtest的RPC端口号为18443

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ps -ef |grep  bitcoind
devops   14744     1  0 12月19 ?      00:59:31 bitcoind -daemon -conf=/home/devops/coins/bitcoin/conf/bitcoin.conf -txindex -rpcbind=0.0.0.0 -datadir=/home/devops/coins/bitcoin/data   //测试网
devops   30043     1  0 11:49 ?        00:00:03 bitcoind -daemon -conf=/home/devops/coins/bitcoin-regtest/conf/bitcoin.conf -txindex -rpcbind=0.0.0.0 -datadir=/home/devops/coins/bitcoin-regtest/data
devops   30137 29792  0 12:14 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto bitcoind  //私有链
[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$
 [[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ss -tnl -p |grep 30043  //查看私有链进程监听的端口号
LISTEN     0      128          *:18443                    *:*                   users:(("bitcoind",pid=30043,fd=9))  //RPC端口
LISTEN     0      128          *:18444                    *:*                   users:(("bitcoind",pid=30043,fd=29)) //P2P端口
LISTEN     0      128         :::18444                   :::*                   users:(("bitcoind",pid=30043,fd=27))
[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$

使用`bitcoin-cli`查询节点信息

help 查看所有支持的命令

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./bitcoind-cli.sh help
== Blockchain ==
getbestblockhash
getblock "blockhash" ( verbosity )
getblockchaininfo
getblockcount
getblockhash height
getblockheader "blockhash" ( verbose )
getblockstats hash_or_height ( stats )
getchaintips
getchaintxstats ( nblocks "blockhash" )
getdifficulty
getmempoolancestors "txid" ( verbose )
getmempooldescendants "txid" ( verbose )
getmempoolentry "txid"
getmempoolinfo
getrawmempool ( verbose )
gettxout "txid" n ( include_mempool )
gettxoutproof ["txid",...] ( "blockhash" )
gettxoutsetinfo
preciousblock "blockhash"
pruneblockchain height
savemempool
scantxoutset "action" [scanobjects,...]
verifychain ( checklevel nblocks )
verifytxoutproof "proof"

== Control ==
getmemoryinfo ( "mode" )
getrpcinfo
help ( "command" )
logging ( ["include_category",...] ["exclude_category",...] )
stop
uptime

== Generating ==
generate nblocks ( maxtries )
generatetoaddress nblocks "address" ( maxtries )

== Mining ==
getblocktemplate "template_request"
getmininginfo
getnetworkhashps ( nblocks height )
prioritisetransaction "txid" ( dummy ) fee_delta
submitblock "hexdata" ( "dummy" )
submitheader "hexdata"

== Network ==
addnode "node" "command"
clearbanned
disconnectnode ( "address" nodeid )
getaddednodeinfo ( "node" )
getconnectioncount
getnettotals
getnetworkinfo
getnodeaddresses ( count )
getpeerinfo
listbanned
ping
setban "subnet" "command" ( bantime absolute )
setnetworkactive state

== Rawtransactions ==
analyzepsbt "psbt"
combinepsbt ["psbt",...]
combinerawtransaction ["hexstring",...]
converttopsbt "hexstring" ( permitsigdata iswitness )
createpsbt [{"txid":"hex","vout":n,"sequence":n},...] [{"address":amount},{"data":"hex"},...] ( locktime replaceable )
createrawtransaction [{"txid":"hex","vout":n,"sequence":n},...] [{"address":amount},{"data":"hex"},...] ( locktime replaceable )
decodepsbt "psbt"
decoderawtransaction "hexstring" ( iswitness )
decodescript "hexstring"
finalizepsbt "psbt" ( extract )
fundrawtransaction "hexstring" ( options iswitness )
getrawtransaction "txid" ( verbose "blockhash" )
joinpsbts ["psbt",...]
sendrawtransaction "hexstring" ( allowhighfees )
signrawtransactionwithkey "hexstring" ["privatekey",...] ( [{"txid":"hex","vout":n,"scriptPubKey":"hex","redeemScript":"hex","witnessScript":"hex","amount":amount},...] "sighashtype" )
testmempoolaccept ["rawtx",...] ( allowhighfees )
utxoupdatepsbt "psbt"

== Util ==
createmultisig nrequired ["key",...] ( "address_type" )
deriveaddresses "descriptor" ( range )
estimatesmartfee conf_target ( "estimate_mode" )
getdescriptorinfo "descriptor"
signmessagewithprivkey "privkey" "message"
validateaddress "address"
verifymessage "address" "signature" "message"

== Wallet ==
abandontransaction "txid"
abortrescan
addmultisigaddress nrequired ["key",...] ( "label" "address_type" )
backupwallet "destination"
bumpfee "txid" ( options )
createwallet "wallet_name" ( disable_private_keys blank )
dumpprivkey "address"
dumpwallet "filename"
encryptwallet "passphrase"
getaddressesbylabel "label"
getaddressinfo "address"
getbalance ( "dummy" minconf include_watchonly )
getnewaddress ( "label" "address_type" )
getrawchangeaddress ( "address_type" )
getreceivedbyaddress "address" ( minconf )
getreceivedbylabel "label" ( minconf )
gettransaction "txid" ( include_watchonly )
getunconfirmedbalance
getwalletinfo
importaddress "address" ( "label" rescan p2sh )
importmulti "requests" ( "options" )
importprivkey "privkey" ( "label" rescan )
importprunedfunds "rawtransaction" "txoutproof"
importpubkey "pubkey" ( "label" rescan )
importwallet "filename"
keypoolrefill ( newsize )
listaddressgroupings
listlabels ( "purpose" )
listlockunspent
listreceivedbyaddress ( minconf include_empty include_watchonly "address_filter" )
listreceivedbylabel ( minconf include_empty include_watchonly )
listsinceblock ( "blockhash" target_confirmations include_watchonly include_removed )
listtransactions ( "label" count skip include_watchonly )
listunspent ( minconf maxconf ["address",...] include_unsafe query_options )
listwalletdir
listwallets
loadwallet "filename"
lockunspent unlock ( [{"txid":"hex","vout":n},...] )
removeprunedfunds "txid"
rescanblockchain ( start_height stop_height )
sendmany "" {"address":amount} ( minconf "comment" ["address",...] replaceable conf_target "estimate_mode" )
sendtoaddress "address" amount ( "comment" "comment_to" subtractfeefromamount replaceable conf_target "estimate_mode" )
sethdseed ( newkeypool "seed" )
setlabel "address" "label"
settxfee amount
signmessage "address" "message"
signrawtransactionwithwallet "hexstring" ( [{"txid":"hex","vout":n,"scriptPubKey":"hex","redeemScript":"hex","witnessScript":"hex","amount":amount},...] "sighashtype" )
unloadwallet ( "wallet_name" )
walletcreatefundedpsbt [{"txid":"hex","vout":n,"sequence":n},...] [{"address":amount},{"data":"hex"},...] ( locktime options bip32derivs )
walletlock
walletpassphrase "passphrase" timeout
walletpassphrasechange "oldpassphrase" "newpassphrase"
walletprocesspsbt "psbt" ( sign "sighashtype" bip32derivs )

== Zmq ==
getzmqnotifications

getblockchaininfo查看私有链运行状态等信息，目前区块高度为0，即没有开启挖矿

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./bitcoind-cli.sh getblockchaininfo
{
  "chain": "regtest",
  "blocks": 0,
  "headers": 0,
  "bestblockhash": "0f9188f13cb7b2c71f2a335e3a4fc328bf5beb436012afca590b1a11466e2206",
  "difficulty": 4.656542373906925e-10,
  "mediantime": 1296688602,
  "verificationprogress": 1,
  "initialblockdownload": true,
  "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002",
  "size_on_disk": 293,
  "pruned": false,
  "softforks": [
    {
      "id": "bip34",
      "version": 2,
      "reject": {
        "status": false
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "bip66",
      "version": 3,
      "reject": {
        "status": false
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "bip65",
      "version": 4,
      "reject": {
        "status": false
      }
    }
  ],
  "bip9_softforks": {
    "csv": {
      "status": "defined",
      "startTime": 0,
      "timeout": 9223372036854775807,
      "since": 0
    },
    "segwit": {
      "status": "active",
      "startTime": -1,
      "timeout": 9223372036854775807,
      "since": 0
    }
  },
  "warnings": ""
}
[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$

开启挖矿

1、在配置文件中添加 `gen=1` 表示节点可以挖矿

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ cat conf/bitcoin.conf
regtest=1
server=1
rpcuser=wayki
[email protected]
rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
txindex=1
gen=1

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$

2、由于BTC的共识机制是POW，需要指定矿工，即挖矿的钱给谁，需要新建地址

由于BTC节点包含钱包 + 节点，新建的地址私钥默认保存在钱包中

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./bitcoind-cli.sh getnewaddress //新建地址
2NFKmphFReyaZCn24HE3znqXC2RkfZiowcp

3、挖矿

以下命令表示挖100个块，并将挖矿产出的钱指定给第2步中的地址

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./bitcoind-cli.sh generatetoaddress 100 2NFKmphFReyaZCn24HE3znqXC2RkfZiowcp
[
  "5a8756f8cbcfe91289c995c9ecdcfe029219d14273c4cee2ed7835b4794c7f18",
  "5c73906f91604c78362d742fc92c310c94a4ccc1a83a370091ee2b70c0d3942c",
  "5b96db2026b69b0ac0c09a38d083b67f6fdaa7da56485cbcc3ab1dcf99666c05",
  "07df1bb874addb45dc4bb5e68fe781c03d9da35c94ca149ee8e548306cb555a4",
  "02562d8ac0611453f4b84e85524a66fe3e9f3f4391593f25cb29c1a3e713d37a",
  ...
   "59a78c24ed2a9223d5bd965b3c0c027257bd46404ce2cfff89680c5ee199b1e9",
  "49475e2a2c039295aa2354c2d708b813cb66dd2d1a83b9867fc9cd29ff7fd94e",
  "3f3beddffe9bd7e2d253cc33e360070e125cfa1ee96518c7b25438b6dd067452"
]

4、查询钱包余额

如下查询钱包已经有余额

[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$ ./bitcoind-cli.sh getwalletinfo
{
  "walletname": "",
  "walletversion": 169900,
  "balance": 14949.99998350,
  "unconfirmed_balance": 0.00000000,
  "immature_balance": 0.00000000,
  "txcount": 10100,
  "keypoololdest": 1577418579,
  "keypoolsize": 999,
  "keypoolsize_hd_internal": 1000,
  "paytxfee": 0.00000000,
  "hdseedid": "2ca1a4d90692fca1af51c907b0aa4e55ce4150db",
  "private_keys_enabled": true
}
[[email protected] bitcoin-regtest]$

比特币BTC私有链搭建

下载并安装可执行程序

创建本地目录结构如下

新建目录

新建相关文件和子目录

文件和脚本内容如下

配置文件说明

启动节点

运行脚本启动

查看log

查看进程和端口是否正常

使用`bitcoin-cli`查询节点信息

开启挖矿

1、在配置文件中添加 `gen=1` 表示节点可以挖矿

2、由于BTC的共识机制是POW，需要指定矿工，即挖矿的钱给谁，需要新建地址

3、挖矿

4、查询钱包余额

Python实现类似比特币的加密货币区块链的创建与交易实例

区块链技术不仅能打造比特币，还能用于养鸡这事

从经济学角度看区块链：道德水平决定比特币价值

Filecoin市值将在2023年超过比特币，区块链有IPFS会更好

ICO与比特币在中国被叫停，区块链金融前景咋样

不信任比特币?微软推一种快速且安全的区块链技术

乐行科技获得2540万人民币天使轮融资搭建汽车社区优化供应链

比特币创历史新高后突闪跳区块链“利好性”存疑

哈佛创业者告诉你比特币与区块链背后的真相！

央行媒体：比特币的归比特币，区块链的归区块链

比特币BTC私有链搭建

下载并安装可执行程序

创建本地目录结构如下

新建目录

新建相关文件和子目录

文件和脚本内容如下

配置文件说明

启动节点

运行脚本启动

查看log

查看进程和端口是否正常

使用bitcoin-cli查询节点信息

开启挖矿

1、在配置文件中添加 gen=1 表示节点可以挖矿

2、由于BTC的共识机制是POW，需要指定矿工，即挖矿的钱给谁，需要新建地址

3、挖矿

4、查询钱包余额

Python实现类似比特币的加密货币区块链的创建与交易实例

区块链技术不仅能打造比特币，还能用于养鸡这事

从经济学角度看区块链：道德水平决定比特币价值

Filecoin市值将在2023年超过比特币，区块链有IPFS会更好

ICO与比特币在中国被叫停，区块链金融前景咋样

不信任比特币?微软推一种快速且安全的区块链技术

乐行科技获得2540万人民币天使轮融资 搭建汽车社区优化供应链

比特币创历史新高后突闪跳 区块链“利好性”存疑

哈佛创业者告诉你比特币与区块链背后的真相！

央行媒体：比特币的归比特币，区块链的归区块链

使用`bitcoin-cli`查询节点信息

1、在配置文件中添加 `gen=1` 表示节点可以挖矿

乐行科技获得2540万人民币天使轮融资搭建汽车社区优化供应链

比特币创历史新高后突闪跳区块链“利好性”存疑