7、Nginx负载均衡深入实践
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2022-07-13 08:43:48
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1、域名不变，基于路径实现动静分离
实现动静分离
http://www.etiantian.org/static/
http://www.etiantian.org/upload/
locatiaon跳转
#lb01与win10的hosts文件加上：
10.0.0.5 www.etiantian.org bbs.etiantian.org blog.etiantian.org etiantian.org status.etiantian.org
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream static_pools {
server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1;
}
upstream upload_pools {
server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1;
}
upstream default_pools {
server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
location /static/ {
proxy_pass http://static_pools;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
location /upload/ {
proxy_pass http://upload_pools;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://default_pools;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
}
}
web01（10.0.0.7、模拟静态服务器）
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#mkdir static
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#echo static >static/index.html
web02（10.0.0.8、动态）、web03（默认，这里我们在02上做临时ip模拟就行）
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#mkdir upload
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#echo upload >upload/index.html
#创建临时IP模拟默认服务器web03
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#ifconfig eth0:9 10.0.0.9/24 up
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#ifconfig
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf/extra]#vim 01_www.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name etiantian.org;
rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.etiantian.org/$1 permanent;
}
server {
listen 10.0.0.8:80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 10.0.0.9:80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
location / {
root html/www9;
index index.html index.htm;
}
autoindex on;
#auth_basic "oldboy training";
#auth_basic_user_file /application/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
access_log logs/access_www.log main;
"01_www.conf" 26L, 678C 已写入
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf/extra]#mkdir ../../html/www9
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf/extra]#cd ../../html/www9
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www9]#echo www9 >index.html
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www9]#echo www9 >oldboy.html
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www9]#mkdir new
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www9]#echo 9 >new/index.html
浏览器测试：
如果这里出现502（10.0.0.9没了），在此执行：
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/html/www]#ifconfig eth0:9 10.0.0.9/24 up
2、基于扩展名实现刚才的案例
实现动静分离
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css|js)$ {
proxy_pass http://static_pools;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://default_pools;
}
location /upload/ {
proxy_pass http://upload_pools;
}
3、基于不同类型的设备实现转发
实现PC，手机，不同手机分离
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream static_pools {
server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1;
}
upstream upload_pools {
server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1;
}
upstream default_pools {
server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1;
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name blog.etiantian.org;
location / {
if ($http_user_agent ~* "android")
{
proxy_pass http://static_pools;
}
if ($http_user_agent ~* "iphone")
{
proxy_pass http://upload_pools;
}
proxy_pass http://default_pools;
}
}
}
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#curl -A "iphone" http://www.etiantian.org/upload/
upload
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#curl -A "iphone" http://www.etiantian.org/static/
#如果访问static，服务器看你的设备是iphone，调度到upload_pools（10.0.0.8），upload_pools没有static目录，返回404错误结果
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#curl -A "android" http://www.etiantian.org
www7
#正常访问，ifconfig eth0:9 10.0.0.9/24 up
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#curl http://www.etiantian.org
www9
无线局域网访问：
F12模拟iPhone 手机访问：
===========================================================
要想浏览器输入blog.etiantian.org转到博客wordpress，只要把lb01的nginx.conf文件改了就行了，如：
[aaa@qq.com /application/nginx/conf]#cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream backend {
server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1;
server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
location / {
proxy_pass http://backend;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_connect_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
}
}
}