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[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

程序员文章站 2022-07-13 08:33:00
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本笔记是基于尚硅谷周阳老师课程记录,有问题可以一起讨论哈~

SpringCloud入门

一、SpringBoot及SpringCloud版本选择(截止2020.6.20)

1.SpringBoot版本

根据spring官网可以得知,目前最稳定的最新版是2.3.1(查询网页)
[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

2.SpringCloud版本

根据spring官网可以得知,目前最稳定的最新版是Hoxton SR5(查询网页)
[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

3.版本选择

版本选择的原则需要兼顾两者的版本,以spring官网声明为主

[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

这里推荐使用的是SpringCloud的Hoxton.SR5,SpringBoot的2.2.1.RELEASE

二、部分组件停用与替代

  • 服务注册中心:Eureka停用,可以使用zookeeper,Consul,Nacos代替
  • 服务调用1: Ribbon准备停更,LoadBalance作为替代
  • 服务调用2: Feign被OpenFeign替代
  • 服务降级: Hystrix被替代,新的为resilence4j(国外),国内是sentienl(阿里)
  • 服务网关: 新组件为gateway
  • 服务配置: 原为Config,推荐使用阿里的Nacos
  • 服务总线: Bus停用,新的为Nacos

三、环境搭建

约定>配置>编码

1.父工程搭建

新建一个maven工程

注意设置字符编码要调整为UTF-8

在设置开启注解支持
[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

将java编译改成8

如果有整洁的习惯,可以设置文件过滤 File types

2.整理父工程pom文件

  1. 删除除了pom文件的其他文件

  2. package设置打包方式为pom,一般父工程都是pom

  3. 添加pom依赖

    以下来自网友整理,版本还是使用老师的2.2.2.RELEASE和Hoxton.SR1

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.xiaoxiao.springcloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>2.1.1</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
      </properties>
      <!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
      <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
          <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
    
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
              <fork>true</fork>
              <addResources>true</addResources>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>
    
    
    

    (如果出现Element ‘xxx’ cannot have character [children]建议手敲,原因是复制的时候有空格缩进 )
    [springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习
    出现对齐线说明没问题了

[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

我这里排查结果是注释前面有一堆空格导致出问题

3.构建子模块payment8001

构造模式五步走:

1.建module

2.改POM

3.写YML文件(配置文件)

4.编写主启动类

5.编写业务类

1.建立子模块

2.编写pom文件

摘自网友

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 包含了sleuth zipkin 数据链路追踪-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--监控-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka客户端
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.16</version>
            <!--如果没写版本,从父层面找,找到了就直接用,全局统一-->
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.编写yml文件

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource        #当前数据库操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver          #mysql驱动包
    #数据库更新后需要加入如下参数,更正编码规则和时区等
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2020?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    username: root
    password: root

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.eiletxie.springcloud.entities

4.编写主方法

5.编写业务

1.建表
CREATE TABLE payment (
	`id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
	`serial` VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
2.编写实体类

编写支付实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
    private Long id ;
    private String serial;
}

编写返回给前端的实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;//返回的状态码
    private String message;//错误信息
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this(code,message,null);
    }
}
3.编写Dao接口及Mapper
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.xiaoxiao.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
    <insert id="create" parameterType="com.xiaoxiao.springcloud.entities.Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into payment (`serial`) values(#{serial})
    </insert>
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.xiaoxiao.springcloud.entities.Payment" >
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id>
        <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"></id>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select * from payment where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>
4.编写Service层
public interface PaymentService {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource
    PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}
5.编写Control层
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping("/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("插入数据的编号是"+result);
        if(result>0) {
            return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据成功",result);
        }else {
            return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据失败",null);
        }
    }
    @GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult create(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("查询的支付是"+payment);
        if(payment!=null) {
            return new CommonResult(200,"查询记录成功",payment);
        }else {
            return new CommonResult(444,"查询失败,查询ID是"+id,null);
        }
    }
}

注意:如果log标红,那么说明没有安装lombok插件

6.配置devtools热部署工具

1.加入pom依赖

<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2.设置

[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习
3.crol+shift+alt+/

[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习
[springcloud学习笔记day01]SpringCloud入门学习

4.先写子模块order80

操作步骤和前面类似,端口改为80,将entities复制

消费者只需要提供一个controller层

1.注入一个resttemplate

restTemplate是一种restful风格的模板

@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfig {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
2.配置controller层
@RestController
public class OrderController {
    public final String PAYMENT_URL="http://localhost:8001";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @PostMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
    public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment) {
        return  restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class);
    }
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class);
    }
}
3.测试

如果测试结果没有成功插入数据库,可能是因为在调用插入数据库的paymentController没有加入@requestBody注解

5.工程重构

1.改写POM

    <dependencies>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
       <!--国内优秀的时间格式工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.提取公共类

3.打包jar然后调用