Linux centos7.7 中安装nginx

国际惯例，先上图lamp or lnmp不做过多解释。

环境检查Linux版本，是否安装Apache，是否已经安装nginx

[[e-mail] notes]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
[[e-mail] notes]# rpm -q httpd
package httpd is not installed
[[e-mail] notes]# rpm -q nginx
package nginx is not installed

###添加Nginx到YUM源，除了太长，没毛病。

[[e-mail] notes]# sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.PxwEzV: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx ################################# [100%]

安装nginx虽然已经是root 了，但还是低调的用上了sudo，过程全自动不过多解释。 

这里就不wget下载，tar解压，./configure配置，make编译，make install安装了，有了yum干嘛不享受呢。

人生苦短，我用yum！！！

[[e-mail] notes]# sudo yum install -y nginx 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
nginx                                                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
nginx/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                       |  51 kB  00:00:03     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                 Arch                                     Version                                              Repository                               Size
=====================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 nginx                                   x86_64                                   1:1.16.1-1.el7.ngx                                   nginx                                   766 k

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 766 k
Installed size: 2.7 M
Downloading packages:
nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64. FAILED                                           [===========================-                                      ]  1.6 B/s | 322 kB  77:56:28 ETA 
http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                             | 766 kB  00:00:10     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing : 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64                                                                                                                                   1/1 
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Thanks for using nginx!

Please find the official documentation for nginx here:
* http://nginx.org/en/docs/

Please subscribe to nginx-announce mailing list to get
the most important news about nginx:
* http://nginx.org/en/support.html

Commercial subscriptions for nginx are available on:
* http://nginx.com/products/

----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Verifying  : 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64                                                                                                                                   1/1 

Installed:
  nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7.ngx                                                                                                                                                    

Complete!
[[e-mail] notes]# 

设置nginx开机自启 

开机启动nginx服务
[[e-mail] notes]# sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.

为了避免外部不可访问，防火墙操作，开放80端口，并重启防火墙，nginx默认端口是80。

开放80端口
[[e-mail] notes]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp
success


重启防火墙
[[e-mail] notes]# firewall-cmd --reload
success


检查防火墙开放端口
[[e-mail] notes]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens160
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh vnc-server
  ports: 80/tcp
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 

 

启动nginx服务
[[e-mail] notes]# sudo systemctl start nginx.service

 

浏览器登录，尝试访问nginx服务器，最上面的图已经给出来了，那就是最终的效果。
 

其他：

网站文件存放默认目录
/usr/share/nginx/html

网站默认站点配置
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

自定义Nginx站点配置文件存放目录
/etc/nginx/conf.d/

Nginx全局配置
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Nginx启动
nginx -c nginx.conf