欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

C++STL算法

程序员文章站 2022-07-12 16:31:23
...

1. STL查找算法

基本查找:

   find:区间查找

   find_if:条件查找

   find_first_of:查找区间第一次出现值

   adjacent_find:查找第一次重复的数

   search:子序列查找

   search_n:子序列查找出现次数

统计查找:

   count:区间统计

   count_if:条件统计个数

   equal:比较

有序查找:

   binary_search:二分查找

   upper_bound:查找在最后一个大于查找的值

   lower_bound:大于等于查找的值

   equal_range:区间比较——有序序列

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>//基本算法的头文件
#include <functional>//算法一般结合仿函数
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//1 find查找
	int array[] = { 9,8,7,4,5,6,3,2,1 };
	vector<int> vec;
	vec.assign(array, array + 9);
	auto result = find(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 5);
	cout << *result;//在vec容器的开头和结尾找5,没找到就返回容器结束w位置
	//2 find_if条件查找
	auto findif = find_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int x) {return x > 3;});
	cout << *findif;
	//3 find_first_of查找区间第一次出现值
	int temp[] = { 8,9,7 };
	auto findfirstof = find_first_of(vec.begin(), vec.end(), temp, temp + 3);
	cout << *findfirstof;//8,9,7都能找到,返回找到的第一个
	//4 adjacent_find:查找第一次重复的数
	vector<int> rvec = { 1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6 };
	auto reIter = adjacent_find(rvec.begin(), rvec.end());
	cout << *reIter;
	//5 search:子序列查找
	int searchData[] = { 5,7,8 };
	auto it = search(rvec.begin(), rvec.end(), searchData, searchData + 3);
	cout << *it;//5
	//6 search_n:子序列查找出现次数
	auto sn = search_n(rvec.begin(), rvec.end(), 4, 5);
	cout << *sn;
	//7 count:区间统计
	cout << count(rvec.begin(), rvec.end(), 4);//4出现的次数
	//8 count_if:条件统计个数
	cout << count_if(rvec.begin(), rvec.end(), [](int x) {return x > 3; });
	//9 equal:比较,两个容器的值是否相同
	list<int> mylist = { 0,1,2,3,6,5,4,7,8,9 };
	cout << boolalpha << equal(rvec.begin(), rvec.end(), mylist.begin(), mylist.end());
	//10 binary_search:二分查找//必须是有序数列
	vector<int> testdata = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
	cout << boolalpha << binary_search(testdata.begin(), testdata.end(), 3);
	//11 upper_bound:查找在最后一个大于查找的值
	auto uper = upper_bound(testdata.begin(), testdata.end(), 6);
	//12 lower_bound:大于等于查找的值
	auto lower = lower_bound(testdata.begin(), testdata.end(), 7);
	//13 equal_range:区间比较——有序序列
	auto pair = equal_range(testdata.begin(), testdata.end(), 6);
	cout << *pair.first << " " << *pair.second;
	return 0;
}

2 STL排序算法

merge:归并排序,存于新容器

inplace_merge:归并排序,覆盖原区间

sort:排序,更改原容器顺序

stable_sort:排序,保存原容器数据顺序

nth_element:关键字排序

partition:范围排序

partial_sort:范围排序

partial_sort_copy:范围排序外加复制操作

stable_partition:范围排序,保存原容器顺序

random_shuffle:随机排序

reverse:逆序原容器

reverse_copy:逆序容器保存到新容器

rotate:移动元素到容器末尾

rotate_copy:移动元素到新容器

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>//基本算法的头文件
#include <functional>//算法一般结合仿函数
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
void print(T data)
{
	for (auto v : data)
	{
		cout << v << "\t";
	}
	cout << endl;
}
class student
{
public:
	student(string name, int age) :name(name), age(age) {}
	void print()
	{
		cout << name << " " << age;
	}
protected:
	string name;
	int age;
};
void testsort()
{
	vector<student> Sdata;
	Sdata.push_back(student("kjshf", 18));
	Sdata.push_back(student("dfjds", 19));
	Sdata.push_back(student("sdoif", 20));
	sort(Sdata.begin(), Sdata.end(), [](auto a, auto b) {return a.name, b.name; });
	for (auto v : Sdata)
	{
		v.print();
	}
}
bool com_as_int(double a, double b)
{
	return int(a) < int(b);
}
void testStable()
{
	vector<double> num = { 1.33,1.34,1.32,1.35,1.335,1.334,1.342 };
	stable_sort(num.begin(), num.end(), com_as_int);
	print(num);
}
void testMergeinplace()
{//不会更改原容器的顺序
	vector<int> vec = { 1,2,9,8,7,6,5,4 };
	vector<int> result(vec.size());
	merge(vec.begin(), vec.begin() + 2, vec.begin() + 2, vec.end(), result.begin());
	print(result);
	//会改变原容器
	inplace_merge(vec.begin(), vec.begin() + 2, vec.end());
	print(vec);
}
int main()
{
	//1 sort:排序,更改原容器顺序
	vector<int> vec = { 1,2,4,3,9,7,6,8,5,0 };
	sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
	//print(vec);//0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
	testsort();
	//2 stable_sort:排序,保存原容器数据顺序
	testStable();
	//3 merge:归并排序,存于新容器
	testMergeinplace();
	//4 inplace_merge:归并排序,覆盖原区间
	testMergeinplace();
	//5 nth_element:关键字排序
	vector<int> test = { 1,2,3,4,5,9,8,7,6 };
	nth_element(test.begin(), test.begin() + 5, test.end());
	print(test);
	//6 partition:范围排序
	partition(test.begin(), test.end(), 6);
	print(test);
	//7 stable_partition:范围排序,保存原容器顺序
	vector<int> result(test.size());
	stable_partition(test.begin(), test.end(), com_as_int);
	print(result);
	//8 partital_sort:范围排序
	partial_sort(test.begin(), test.begin() + 5, test.end());
	//9 partial_sort_copy:范围排序外加复制操作
	partial_sort_copy(test.begin(), test.begin() +5, test.end(), result.begin());
	//10 random_shuffle:随机排序
	random_shuffle(test.begin(), test.end());
	//11 reverse:逆序原容器
	reverse(test.begin(), test.end());
	//12 reverse_copy:逆序容器保存到新容器
	reverse_copy(test.begin(), test.end(), result.begin());
	//13 rotate:移动元素到容器末尾
	rotate(test.begin(), test.begin() + 2, test.end());
	//14 rotate_copy:移动元素到新容器
	rotate_copy(test.begin(), test.begin() + 5, test.end(), result.begin());
	return 0;
}

相关标签: c++ 算法 p2p