欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

JBuilder+Hibernate+Tomcat快速入门 JBuilderHibernateTomcat.netJDBC 

程序员文章站 2022-07-12 16:26:41
...
JBuilder+Hibernate+Tomcat快速入门



高科华


作者简介:高科华,南京航空学院计算数学专业硕士,有十年以上的企业信息化工作经验。目前的研究兴趣,J2EE企业应用、ERP软件研发、数据仓库系统研发。

本文给出了用JBuilder开发Hibernate+Tomcat Web应用的一般步骤。



1.        下载hibernate-2.1.x.zip
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/hibernate/?sort_by=date&sort=desc

2.        安装,将zip文件解压到JBuilder_HOME\ thirdparty

3.        在JBuilder2005中新建hibernate库,选择菜单Tools-Configure-Libraries,在弹出的对话框中点击New按钮,输入hibernate库的名称:hibernate,点击Add按钮,将hibernate目录中的文件hibernate2.jar增加到hibernate库中,根据需要将hibernate\lib目录中的相应的*.jar增加到hibernate库中,一般需要这些类库:dom4j、CGLIB、Commons Collections、Commons Logging、ODMG4、EHCache

4.        新建工程文件,选菜单File-New Project,给工程文件取名为myProject

设置工程文件的属性,选菜单Project-Project Properties,选择Tomcat作为服务器,将hibernate库加入Path/Required Libraries。

5.        新建Web模块,选菜单File-New,给Web模块取名为quickstart

6.        用servlet向导新建一个servlet文件,选菜单File-New,在弹出的对话框中选择Web-Standard Servlet,取名为Servlet1,在向导的第五步选择Create a runtime configuration

7.        运行Servlet1

8.         将quickstart\Tomcat\conf目录中的文件server8080.xml加入工程文件,修改server8080.xml的内容



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Server debug="0" port="8081" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Service name="Catalina">
    <Connector acceptCount="10" connectionTimeout="60000" debug="0" maxThreads="75" minSpareThreads="5" port="8080"/>
    <Engine debug="0" defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
      <Host appBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\webapps" autoDeploy="false" debug="0" deployXML="false" name="localhost" unpackWARs="false">
        <!--Context debug="0" docBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\quickstart" path="/quickstart" reloadable="true" workDir="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\work\quickstart"/-->
        <Context path="/quickstart" docBase="C:\jbproject\quickstart\quickstart" workDir="C:\jbproject\quickstart\Tomcat\work\quickstart">
          <Resource name="jdbc/quickstart" scope="Shareable" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
          <ResourceParams name="jdbc/quickstart">
            <parameter>
              <name>factory</name>
              <value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>
            </parameter>
            <!-- DBCP database connection settings -->
            <parameter>
              <name>url</name>
              <value>jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost</value>
              <!--value>jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://nt04:1433;DatabaseName=test</value-->
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>driverClassName</name>
              <value>org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</value>
              <!--value>com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver</value-->
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>username</name>
              <value>sa</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>password</name>
              <value></value>
            </parameter>
            <!-- DBCP connection pooling options -->
            <parameter>
              <name>maxWait</name>
              <value>3000</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>maxIdle</name>
              <value>100</value>
            </parameter>
            <parameter>
              <name>maxActive</name>
              <value>10</value>
            </parameter>
          </ResourceParams>
        </Context>
      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>


9.        设置hibernate,在quickstart\src目录中新建文件hibernate.cfg.xml如下:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration
    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/quickstart</property>
        <property name="show_sql">false</property>
        <property name="dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>
        <!-- Mapping files -->
        <mapping resource="Cat.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>




10.    新建一个持久类



package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;
public class Cat {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private char sex;
    private float weight;
    public Cat() {
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    private void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public char getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(char sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public float getWeight() {
        return weight;
    }

    public void setWeight(float weight) {
        this.weight = weight;
    }

}


11.    在quickstart\src目录中新建影射文件cat.hbm.xml如下:



<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping
    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>

    <class name="net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart.Cat" table="CAT">

        <!-- A 32 hex character is our surrogate key. It's automatically
            generated by Hibernate with the UUID pattern. -->
        <id name="id" type="string" unsaved-value="null" >
            <column name="CAT_ID" sql-type="char(32)" not-null="true"/>
            <generator class="uuid.hex"/>
        </id>

        <!-- A cat has to have a name, but it shouldn' be too long. -->
        <property name="name">
            <column name="NAME" length="16" not-null="true"/>
        </property>

        <property name="sex"/>

        <property name="weight"/>

    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>


12.   准备数据库

13.   新建一个类HibernateUtil

import net.sf.hibernate.*;
import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.*;

public class HibernateUtil {

    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class);

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            // Create the SessionFactory
            sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            log.error("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.", ex);
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();

    public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session s = (Session) session.get();
        // Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet
        if (s == null) {
            s = sessionFactory.openSession();
            session.set(s);
        }
        return s;
    }

    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session s = (Session) session.get();
        session.set(null);
        if (s != null)
            s.close();
    }
}




14.   修改Servlet1.java



package net.sf.hibernate.examples.quickstart;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import net.sf.hibernate.Transaction;
import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;
import net.sf.hibernate.Session;
import net.sf.hibernate.Query;

public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=Big5";
    private HibernateUtil hibernateUtil = null;

    //Initialize global variables
    public void init() throws ServletException {
    }

    //Process the HTTP Get request
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
            ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        hibernateUtil = new HibernateUtil();
        try {
            Session session = hibernateUtil.currentSession();
            Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
            Cat princess = new Cat();
            princess.setName("Princess");
            princess.setSex('F');
            princess.setWeight(7.4f);

            session.save(princess);
            tx.commit();


            Query query = session.createQuery(
                    "select c from Cat as c where c.sex = :sex");
            query.setCharacter("sex", 'F');

            out.println("<html>");
            out.println("<head><title>Servlet1</title></head>");
            out.println("<body bgcolor=\"#ffffff\">");

            for (Iterator it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext(); ) {
                Cat cat = (Cat) it.next();
                out.println("<p>Female Cat: " + cat.getName()+"</p>");
            }

            out.println("</body>");
            out.println("</html>");
            out.close();

            tx.commit();

            HibernateUtil.closeSession();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //Process the HTTP Post request
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
            ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

    //Process the HTTP Put request
    public void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
            ServletException, IOException {
    }

    //Clean up resources
    public void destroy() {
    }
}




15.      再次运行Servlet1,报错。

16.      设置工程文件的属性,选菜单Project-Project Properties,在弹出的对话框中选择Build-Resource-xml,选择选择按钮Copy。这一步是为了在重建工程文件时把src目录中的xml文件拷贝到classes目录中。

17.      再次运行Servlet1,你将看到使用了hibernate后的显示结果。





“hibernate.cfg.xml not found”。

用JUnit测试时,文件hibernate.cfg.xml中需增加如下内容:

    <property name="connection.driver_class">org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</property>
    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost</property>
    <property name="username">sa</property>
    <property name="password"></property>

    <property name="connection.provider_class"> net.sf.hibernate.connection.DBCPConnectionProvider</property>
    <property name="connection.pool_size">50</property>
    <property name="dbcp.maxActive">100</property>
    <property name="dbcp.whenExhaustedAction">1</property>
    <property name="dbcp.maxWait">120000</property>
<property name="dbcp.maxIdle">10</property>