rabbitmq配置
项目中使用的,肯定好用的,谁用谁知道
RabbitMQ是流行的开源消息队列系统,是AMQP(Advanced Message Queuing Protocol高级消息队列协议)的标准实现,用erlang语言开发。RabbitMQ据说具有良好的性能和时效性,同时还能够非常好的支持集群和负载部署,非常适合在较大规模的分布式系统中使用,具体特性还在验证中,待检验。由于项目需要,安装并配置了RabbitMQ,服务器操作系统是CentOS7,服务器是虚拟机。
具体步骤如下:
1 安装依赖文件:
yum install gcc glibc-devel make ncurses-devel openssl-devel xmlto
2.Erlang安装配置
下载安装包,地址http://www.erlang.org/downloads,我选择的是otp_src_18.3.tar.gz。需要对erlang有所了解。
然后解压文件:
[[email protected] rabbitmq]# tar -xzvf otp_src_18.3.tar.gz [[email protected] rabbitmq]# cd otp_src_18.3/
配置安装路径编译代码:
[[email protected] otp_src_18.3]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/erlang
执行编译结果:
[[email protected] otp_src_18.3]# make && make install
然后在配置Erlang环境变量,vi /etc/profile文件,增加下面的环境变量:
#set erlang environment export PATH=$PATH:/opt/erlang/bin
source /etc/profile使得文件生效
完成后进入/opt/erlang查看执行结果
[[email protected] rabbitmq]# cd /opt/erlang/ [[email protected] erlang]# erl Erlang/OTP 18 [erts-7.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:8:8] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false] Eshell V7.3 (abort with ^G) 1>
当出现以上信息时表示安装完成。然后输入’halt().’退出即可。
在安装Erlang过程中,可能会遇到以下问题,一般都是因为系统中缺少相应的包引起的,缺少什么包直接yum安装即可。
3.下载安装RabbitMq
[[email protected] rabbitmq]# weget http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.5.7/rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.5.7.tar.xz
解压文件
[[email protected] rabbitmq]# xz -d rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.5.7.tar.xz [[email protected] rabbitmq]# tar -xvf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.5.7.tar -C /opt
解压后进入文件夹/opt发现多了个文件夹rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.5.7 ,重命名为rabbitmq以便记忆。
然后在配置rabbitmq环境变量,vi /etc/profile文件,增加下面的环境变量:
#set rabbitmq environment export PATH=$PATH:/opt/rabbitmq/sbin
source /etc/profile使得文件生效
4.RabbitMQ服务启动关闭
以上就已经完成了RabbitMq的安装,怎么启动服务呢?
启动服务:
[[email protected] rabbitmq]# cd sbin/ [[email protected] sbin]# ./rabbitmq-server -detached
查看服务状态:
[[email protected] sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl status Status of node [email protected] ... [{pid,11849}, {running_applications, [{rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.6.1"}, {rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.6.1"}, {rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.6.1"}, {webmachine,"webmachine","1.10.3"}, {amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.6.1"}, {mochiweb,"MochiMedia Web Server","2.13.0"}, {syntax_tools,"Syntax tools","1.7"}, {ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","7.3"}, {public_key,"Public key infrastructure","1.1.1"}, {asn1,"The Erlang ASN1 compiler version 4.0.2","4.0.2"}, {crypto,"CRYPTO","3.6.3"}, {compiler,"ERTS CXC 138 10","6.0.3"}, {inets,"INETS CXC 138 49","6.2"}, {rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.6.1"}, {mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.13.3"}, {rabbit_common,[],"3.6.1"}, {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.10"}, {os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.4"}, {ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.","1.2.1"}, {sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.7"}, {stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.8"}, {kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","4.2"}]}, {os,{unix,linux}}, {erlang_version, "Erlang/OTP 18 [erts-7.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:8:8] [async-threads:64] [hipe] [kernel-poll:true]\n"}, {memory, [{total,64111264}, {connection_readers,0}, {connection_writers,0}, {connection_channels,0}, {connection_other,2808}, {queue_procs,2808}, {queue_slave_procs,0}, {plugins,367288}, {other_proc,19041296}, {mnesia,61720}, {mgmt_db,158696}, {msg_index,47120}, {other_ets,1372440}, {binary,128216}, {code,27368230}, {atom,992409}, {other_system,14568233}]}, {alarms,[]}, {listeners,[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, {vm_memory_limit,6556241100}, {disk_free_limit,50000000}, {disk_free,37431123968}, {file_descriptors, [{total_limit,65435}, {total_used,2}, {sockets_limit,58889}, {sockets_used,0}]}, {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,204}]}, {run_queue,0}, {uptime,412681}, {kernel,{net_ticktime,60}}]
关闭服务:
[[email protected] sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl stop Stopping and halting node [email protected] ...
4. 配置网页插件
首先创建目录,否则可能报错:
mkdir /etc/rabbitmq
然后启用插件:
./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
配置linux 端口 15672 网页管理 5672 AMQP端口
在/opt/rabbitmq/etc/rabbitmq 下复制rabbitmq.config.example 文件为 rabbitmq.config ,在rabbitmq.config 中可以配置 {tcp_listeners, [5672]},
然后访问http://localhost:15672即可,或者虚拟机ip:15672也可
默认用户guest 密码guest
5. 远程访问配置
默认网页是不允许访问的,需要增加一个用户修改一下权限,代码如下:
添加用户:rabbitmqctl add_user hxb hxb
添加权限:rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" hxb ".*" ".*" ".*"
修改用户角色rabbitmqctl set_user_tags hxb administrator
然后就可以远程访问了,然后可直接配置用户权限等信息。
6. rabbitmq常用命令
./rabbitmqctl status 查看状态
./rabbitmq-server -detached 服务器启动
./rabbitmqctl stop 服务关闭
./rabbitmq-server & 服务器启动和网页插件启动
./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management 启动网页插件
add_user <UserName> <Password> 添加登录用户,密码
delete_user <UserName>
change_password <UserName> <NewPassword>
list_users
add_vhost <VHostPath>
delete_vhost <VHostPath>
list_vhostsset_permissions [-p <VHostPath>] <UserName> <Regexp> <Regexp> <Regexp>
clear_permissions [-p <VHostPath>] <UserName>
list_permissions [-p <VHostPath>]
list_user_permissions <UserName>
list_queues [-p <VHostPath>] [<QueueInfoItem> ...]
list_exchanges [-p <VHostPath>] [<ExchangeInfoItem> ...]
list_bindings [-p <VHostPath>]
list_connections [<ConnectionInfoItem> ...]
7配置集群
(1)Erlang Cookie 文件:$home/.erlang.cookie 如果看不到 请
[[email protected] ~]# ll -a
将任意一台的cookie文件或者内容替换到集群其他机器。最后确保文件权限为400。
保证3台机器上cookie相同
[[email protected] ~]# cat /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
YZCUPNLBNOMPTDCUALZC
关闭rabbitmq,将cookie复制到其他机器…
[[email protected]~]# rabbitmqctl stop
[[email protected]~]# echo YZCUPNLBNOMPTDCUALZC > /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
[[email protected]~]# rabbitmqctl stop
[[email protected]~]# echo YZCUPNLBNOMPTDCUALZC > /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
cookie同步完成之后启动
以detached方式启动
(2) 配置各节点下的hosts文件,确保节点之间主机名称可以相互解析。
192.168.1.10 node1
192.168.1.11 node2
192.168.1.12 node3
(3)自动配置rabbitmq集群:
rabbitmq的默认配置脚本为 安装目录下的 例如我的安装目录为/opt/rabbitmq ,所以我的脚本路径为/opt/rabbitmq/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf,
如果此文件不存在,则拷贝目录下的rabbitmq.config.example 文件,改名称。
在其中添加
[
...
{rabbit, [
...
{cluster_nodes, ['[email protected]', '[email protected]', '[email protected]']},
...
]},
...
].
分别启动每个rabbitmq节点
rabbitmq -detached
rabbitmq就自动组成集群了,用页面实验是否好使,如果不好使
则手动添加下,
将node2节点加入node1 作为RAM类型节点
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl stop_app
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl reset
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl join_cluster [email protected] --ram
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl start_app
将node3节点加入node1 作为disc类型节点
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmq stop_app
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl reset
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl join_cluster [email protected]
[[email protected] ~]#rabbitmqctl start_app
(rabbitmq集群节点有disc 和ram两种类型,一个集群中至少要有一个disc类型的节点,不指定默认加入为disc)
注意事项:
1) 每个节点的erlang cookie须相同,可以在启动服务器加–setcookie参数设置相同的参数, 也可以在home目录下设置相同的.erlang.cookie文件。
2) 节点间应该能相互解析,可以通过修改/etc/hosts文件实现