HttpClient

业务需求

说明：当做某些操作时，可能会对数据进行业务加工，之后由服务器与服务器之间形同通讯。

HttpClient介绍

HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了，越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能，但是对于大部分应用程序来说，JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 已经应用在很多的项目中，比如 Apache Jakarta 上很著名的另外两个开源项目 Cactus 和 HTMLUnit 都使用了 HttpClient。现在HttpClient最新版本为 HttpClient 4.5 .6（2015-09-11）
总结: 在java代理内部可以使用httpClient发起http请求访问服务器获取资源.(工具API)

入门案例

1.引入jar包

<!--添加httpClient jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>

编辑测试API

package com.jt;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HttpClientTest {
    /**
     * 要求:在java代码内部,获取百度的页面.
     * 实现步骤:
     *  1.确定目标地址: https://www.baidu.com/
     *  2.创建httpClient客户端对象
     *  3.创建请求类型
     *  4.发起http请求.并且获取响应的结果.之后判断状态码是否为200 如果等于200则请求正确
     *  5.如果请求正确则动态获取响应值信息.之后进行数据的再次加工....
     *  */
    @Test
    public void testGet() throws IOException {
        String url = "https://www.jd.com/";
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
          if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            //表示用户请求正确
            //获取返回值数据
            HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(result);
        }
    }
}

HttpClient加强案例

要求：用户通过http://www.jt.com/getItems 要求采用httpClient方式，采取js-manage中的商品信息之后json串的形式展现

编辑前台 HttpClientController

package com.jt.controller;
import com.jt.pojo.Item;
import com.jt.service.HttpClientService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class HttpClientController {
    @Autowired
    private HttpClientService httpClientService;
    /**
     * 获取后端manage中的商品数据信息
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getItems")
    public List<Item> getItems(){
        return httpClientService.getItems();
    }
}

HttpClientService

package com.jt.service;
import com.jt.pojo.Item;
import com.jt.util.ObjectMapperUtil;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class HttpClientServiceImpl implements HttpClientService{
    @Override
    public List<Item> getItems() {
        List<Item> itemList = new ArrayList<>();
        //1.定义远程访问网址
        String url = "http://manage.jt.com/getItems";
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        try {
           HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
           if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
               String result =
                       EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
               //result是jt-manage为jt-web返回的List<Item>的JSON串
               if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(result)){
                   itemList = ObjectMapperUtil.toObj(result, itemList.getClass());
               }
           }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return itemList;
    }
}

编辑后台 HttpClientController

package com.jt.web.controller;
import com.jt.pojo.Item;
import com.jt.service.ItemService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class HttpClientController {
    @Autowired
    private ItemService itemService;
    /**
     * url请求地址: http://manage.jt.com/getItems
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getItems")
    public List<Item> getItems(){
        return itemService.getItems();
    }
 }

编辑后台 HttpClientService

@Override
	public List<Item> getItems() {
		return itemMapper.selectList(null);
	}