vue-VueRouter-后台管理案例
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2022-07-09 19:52:23
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vue-VueRouter-后台管理案例
目录
文章目录
内容
1、UI界面
一般情况下,前端页面由UI做好页面(html+css)给我们,我们根据UI页面修改为Vue项目。
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UI页面代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>10_router-backend-manager</title> <script src="../../node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #app { margin: 0; padding: 0px; height: 100%; } .header { height: 50px; background-color: #545c64; line-height: 50px; text-align: center; font-size: 24px; color: #fff; } .footer { height: 40px; line-height: 40px; background-color: #888; position: absolute; bottom: 0; width: 100%; text-align: center; color: #fff; } .main { display: flex; position: absolute; top: 50px; bottom: 40px; width: 100%; } .content { flex: 1; text-align: center; height: 100%; } .left { flex: 0 0 20%; background-color: #545c64; } .left a { color: white; text-decoration: none; } .right { margin: 5px; } .btns { width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; background-color: #f5f5f5; text-align: left; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; } button { height: 30px; background-color: #ecf5ff; border: 1px solid lightskyblue; font-size: 12px; padding: 0 20px; } .main-content { margin-top: 10px; } ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } ul li { height: 45px; line-height: 45px; background-color: #a0a0a0; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; } table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; } td, th { border: 1px solid #eee; line-height: 35px; font-size: 12px; } th { background-color: #ddd; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="app"> <div> <!-- 头部区域 --> <header class="header">后台管理系统</header> <!-- 中间主体区域 --> <div class="main"> <!-- 左侧菜单栏 --> <div class="content left"> <ul> <li><a href="#">用户管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">权限管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">商品管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">订单管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">系统设置</a></li> </ul> </div> <!-- 右侧内容区域 --> <div class="content right"> <div class="main-content"> <!-- <router-view /> --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 尾部区域 --> <footer class="footer">版权信息</footer> </div> </div> <script> const app = new Vue({ el: '#app' }); </script> </body> </html>
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效果图示1-1:
2、项目分析
根据项目的整体布局划分好组件结构,通过路由导航控制组件的显示。功能实现及步骤如下:
- 抽离并渲染App根组件
- 把左侧菜单改造为路由链接
- 创建左侧菜单对应的组件
- 右侧主体区域添加路由占位符
- 添加子路由规则
- 通过路由重定向默认渲染用户组件
- 渲染用户列表数据
- 编程式导航跳转到用户详细页
- 实现后退功能
3、项目改造
3.1、抽离并渲染App根组件
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代码3.1-1:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>10_router-backend-manager</title> <script src="../../node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> <script src="../../node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #app { margin: 0; padding: 0px; height: 100%; } .header { height: 50px; background-color: #545c64; line-height: 50px; text-align: center; font-size: 24px; color: #fff; } .footer { height: 40px; line-height: 40px; background-color: #888; position: absolute; bottom: 0; width: 100%; text-align: center; color: #fff; } .main { display: flex; position: absolute; top: 50px; bottom: 40px; width: 100%; } .content { flex: 1; text-align: center; height: 100%; } .left { flex: 0 0 20%; background-color: #545c64; } .left a { color: white; text-decoration: none; } .right { margin: 5px; } .btns { width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; background-color: #f5f5f5; text-align: left; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; } button { height: 30px; background-color: #ecf5ff; border: 1px solid lightskyblue; font-size: 12px; padding: 0 20px; } .main-content { margin-top: 10px; } ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } ul li { height: 45px; line-height: 45px; background-color: #a0a0a0; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; } table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; } td, th { border: 1px solid #eee; line-height: 35px; font-size: 12px; } th { background-color: #ddd; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="app"> <router-view /> </div> <script> const App = { template: ` <div> <!-- 头部区域 --> <header class="header">后台管理系统</header> <!-- 中间主体区域 --> <div class="main"> <!-- 左侧菜单栏 --> <div class="content left"> <ul> <li><a href="#">用户管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">权限管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">商品管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">订单管理</a></li> <li><a href="#">系统设置</a></li> </ul> </div> <!-- 右侧内容区域 --> <div class="content right"> <div class="main-content"> <!-- <router-view /> --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 尾部区域 --> <footer class="footer">版权信息</footer> </div> ` } const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [ {path: '/', component: App} ] }) const app = new Vue({ el: '#app', router }); </script> </body> </html>
3.2、把左侧菜单改造为路由链接
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代码3.2-1:
<!-- 左侧菜单栏 --> <div class="content left"> <ul> <li><router-link to="/users">用户管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/rights">权限管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/goods">商品管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/orders">订单管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/settings">系统设置</router-link></li> </ul> </div>
3.3、创建左侧菜单对应的组件
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代码3.3-1:
const Users = { template: ` <div> 用户管理 </div> ` } const Rights = { template: ` <div> 权限管理 </div> ` } const Goods = { template: ` <div> 商品管理 </div> ` } const Orders= { template: ` <div> 订单管理 </div> ` } const Settings = { template: ` <div> 设置管理 </div> ` }
3.4、右侧主体区域添加路由占位符
-
代码3.4-1:
<!-- 右侧内容区域 --> <div class="content right"> <div class="main-content"> <router-view /> </div> </div>
3.5、添加子路由规则
+代码3.5-1:
const router = new VueRouter({
routes: [
{
path: '/',
component: App,
children: [
{name: 'users', path: '/users', component: Users},
{name: 'rights', path: '/rights', component: Rights},
{name: 'goods', path: '/goods', component: Goods},
{name: 'orders', path: '/orders', component: Orders},
{name: 'settings', path: '/settings', component: Settings},
]
}
]
})
3.6、通过路由重定向默认渲染用户组件
-
代码3.6-1:
path: '/', component: App, redirect: 'users', children: [ ...
3.7、渲染用户列表数据
-
代码3.7-1:
const Users = { template: ` <div> <h3>用户管理</h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>年龄</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr v-for="user in userList" :key="user.id"> <td>{{ user.id }}</td> <td>{{ user.name }}</td> <td>{{ user.age }}</td> <td><a href="javascript:;">详情</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> `, data() { return { userList: [ {id: 1, name: '张三', age: 22}, {id: 2, name: '李四', age: 32}, {id: 3, name: '王五', age: 25}, {id: 4, name: '刘菲', age: 27}, ] } } }
3.8、编程式导航跳转到用户详细页
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代码3.8-1:
// 添加点击事件 <td><a href="javascript:;" @click.prevent="goDetail(user.id)">详情</a></td> methods: { goDetail(id) { this.$router.push(`/userInfo/${id}`) } }, // 创建UserInfo组件 const UserInfo = { props: ['id'], template: ` <div> <h5>用户详情页</h5> <p>用户ID:{{ id }} </p> </div> ` } // 添加路由规则 {name: 'userInfo', path: '/userInfo/:id', component: UserInfo, props: true},
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效果图示3.8-1:
3.9、实现后退功能
-
详情页修改,代码3.9-1:
const UserInfo = { props: ['id'], template: ` <div> <h5>用户详情页</h5> <p>用户ID:{{ id }} </p> <button @click="goBack">返回</button> </div> `, methods: { goBack() { this.$router.go(-1) } }, }
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效果图示3.9-1:
4、完整代码及效果图
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完整代码4-1:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>10_router-backend-manager</title> <script src="../../node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> <script src="../../node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #app { margin: 0; padding: 0px; height: 100%; } .header { height: 50px; background-color: #545c64; line-height: 50px; text-align: center; font-size: 24px; color: #fff; } .footer { height: 40px; line-height: 40px; background-color: #888; position: absolute; bottom: 0; width: 100%; text-align: center; color: #fff; } .main { display: flex; position: absolute; top: 50px; bottom: 40px; width: 100%; } .content { flex: 1; text-align: center; height: 100%; } .left { flex: 0 0 20%; background-color: #545c64; } .left a { color: white; text-decoration: none; } .right { margin: 5px; } .btns { width: 100%; height: 35px; line-height: 35px; background-color: #f5f5f5; text-align: left; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; } button { height: 30px; background-color: #ecf5ff; border: 1px solid lightskyblue; font-size: 12px; padding: 0 20px; } .main-content { margin-top: 10px; } ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } ul li { height: 45px; line-height: 45px; background-color: #a0a0a0; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; } table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; } td, th { border: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 35px; font-size: 12px; } th { background-color: #ddd; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="app"> <router-view /> </div> <script> const App = { template: ` <div> <!-- 头部区域 --> <header class="header">后台管理系统</header> <!-- 中间主体区域 --> <div class="main"> <!-- 左侧菜单栏 --> <div class="content left"> <ul> <li><router-link to="/users">用户管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/rights">权限管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/goods">商品管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/orders">订单管理</router-link></li> <li><router-link to="/settings">系统设置</router-link></li> </ul> </div> <!-- 右侧内容区域 --> <div class="content right"> <div class="main-content"> <router-view /> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 尾部区域 --> <footer class="footer">版权信息</footer> </div> ` } const Users = { template: ` <div> <h3>用户管理</h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>年龄</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr v-for="user in userList" :key="user.id"> <td>{{ user.id }}</td> <td>{{ user.name }}</td> <td>{{ user.age }}</td> <td><a href="javascript:;" @click.prevent="goDetail(user.id)">详情</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> `, data() { return { userList: [ {id: 1, name: '张三', age: 22}, {id: 2, name: '李四', age: 32}, {id: 3, name: '王五', age: 25}, {id: 4, name: '刘菲', age: 27}, ] } }, methods: { goDetail(id) { this.$router.push(`/userInfo/${id}`) } }, } const UserInfo = { props: ['id'], template: ` <div> <h5>用户详情页</h5> <p>用户ID:{{ id }} </p> <button @click="goBack">返回</button> </div> `, methods: { goBack() { this.$router.go(-1) } }, } const Rights = { template: ` <div> 权限管理 </div> ` } const Goods = { template: ` <div> 商品管理 </div> ` } const Orders= { template: ` <div> 订单管理 </div> ` } const Settings = { template: ` <div> 设置管理 </div> ` } const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [ { path: '/', component: App, redirect: 'users', children: [ {name: 'users', path: '/users', component: Users}, {name: 'userInfo', path: '/userInfo/:id', component: UserInfo, props: true}, {name: 'rights', path: '/rights', component: Rights}, {name: 'goods', path: '/goods', component: Goods}, {name: 'orders', path: '/orders', component: Orders}, {name: 'settings', path: '/settings', component: Settings}, ] } ] }) const app = new Vue({ el: '#app', router }); </script> </body> </html>
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效果图示:
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整体界面4-1:
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详情页4-2:
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后记 :
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