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二进制安装kubernetes

程序员文章站 2022-03-12 12:41:06
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目录

1.安装要求

1.1.硬件要求

1.2.软件要求

1.3安装前的准备

1.4.整体搭建规划

1.4.1.证书规划

1.4.2.各个组件规划

2.docker安装

2.1.下载解压

2.2.配置docker.service文件（systemd管理）

2.3.配置镜像加速器

3.etcd集群安装

3.1.安装生成证书工具cfssl（在master节点上）

3.2.生成etcd证书（在master节点上）

3.2.1.创建证书的工作目录

3.2.2.生成ca根证书

3.2.3.生成etcd集群证书

3.3.二进制包搭建etcd集群

3.3.1.下载，解压

3.3.2.修改etcd配置文件

3.3.3.配置etcd.service文件（systemd管理）

4.master节点安装

4.1.生成kube-apiserver证书（在master节点上）

4.1.1.生成ca根证书

4.1.2.生成kube-apiserver证书

4.1.3.拷贝证书

4.2.kube-apiserver组件安装

4.2.1.下载压缩包

4.2.2.配置文件kube-apiserver.conf

4.2.3.启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

4.2.4.配置kube-apiserver.service文件（systemd管理）

4.3.kube-controller-manager组件的安装

4.3.1.配置文件kube-controller-manager.conf

4.3.2.配置kube-controller-manager.service文件

4.4.kube-scheduler组件的安装

4.4.1.配置文件kube-scheduler.conf

4.4.2.配置kube-scheduler.service文件

4.5.master节点安装检测

5.node节点安装

5.1.创建工作目录

5.2.kubelet组件的安装

5.2.1.配置文件kubelet.conf

5.2.2.配置参数文件kubelet-config.yml

5.2.3.生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件

5.2.4.配置kubelet.service文件

5.2.5.批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

5.3.kube-proxy组件的安装

5.3.1.生成kube-proxy证书

5.3.2.生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

5.3.3.配置文件kube-proxy.conf

5.3.4.配置参数文件kube-proxy-config.yml

5.3.5.配置kube-proxy.service文件

5.4.部署其他节点

6.部署CNI网络

6.1.下载压缩包

6.2.下载kube-flannel.yml文件并部署

6.3.授权apiserver访问kubelet

7.dashboard的安装

7.1.下载yml文件

7.2.创建用户和角色

1.安装要求

1.1.硬件要求

1.一台或多台机器，操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64

2.硬件配置：22GB 或更多 RAM，2 个 CPU 或更多 CPU，硬盘 30GB 或更多

3.集群中所有机器之间网络互通

4.可以访问外网，需要拉取镜像，如果服务器不能上网，需要提前下载镜像并导入节点

5.禁止 swap 分区

1.2.软件要求

1.操作系统CentOS7.8_x64

2.Docker19-ce

3.Kubernetes1.18

1.3安装前的准备

# 关闭防火墙（各个节点都需要配置）
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# 关闭selinux（各个节点都需要配置，改完后需要重启 reboot now，检查是否关闭sestatus）
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时

# 关闭swap（各个节点都需要配置，改完后需要重启 reboot now，检查是否关闭free -mh）
swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久

# 根据规划设置主机名（各个节点都需要配置）
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>

# 在master添加hosts（master节点都需要配置）
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
10.0.15.61 k8s-master61
10.0.15.62 k8s-node62
10.0.15.63.8 k8s-node63
EOF

# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链（各个节点都需要配置）
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效

# 时间同步（各个节点都需要配置）
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

1.4.整体搭建规划

1.4.1.证书规划

三套证书的生成和使用，如下所述：

1.etcd集群证书

2.master节点中kube-apiserver组件证书

3.node节点中kube-proxy组件证书

其中etcd证书一套ca根证书，master和node共用一套ca根证书

1.4.2.各个组件规划

键值对，非关系型数据库：etcd

master节点组件组成：kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler

node节点组件组成：kubelet，kube-proxy

cni网络插件：flannel

2.docker安装

不一定用二进制包安装，这里是二进制包安装

2.1.下载解压

wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin

2.2.配置docker.service文件（systemd管理）

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

2.3.配置镜像加速器

mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://zpfw35hf.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

3.etcd集群安装

3.1.安装生成证书工具cfssl（在master节点上）

mkdir -p /opt/cfssl
cd /opt/cfssl
#远程下载cfssl工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
#赋予执行权限
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

3.2.生成etcd证书（在master节点上）

3.2.1.创建证书的工作目录

mkdir -p /opt/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd /opt/TLS/etcd

3.2.2.生成ca根证书

# 自签CA：
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成ca根证书和私钥
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls opt/TLS/etcd/ca*pem
# 看到如下
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

3.2.3.生成etcd集群证书

# 签发etcd https证书
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "10.0.15.61",
    "10.0.15.62",
    "10.0.15.63"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
# 证书查看
ls opt/TLS/etcd/server*pem
#看到如下
server-key.pem  server.pem

需要将生成的ca.pem，ca-key.pem，server-key.pem  server.pem拷贝到etcd集群各个节点的相同目录下

3.3.二进制包搭建etcd集群

3.3.1.下载，解压

下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9- linux-amd64.tar.gz

# 下载etcd，解压。创建目录并移动
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz ##获取二进制文件
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

3.3.2.修改etcd配置文件

由于是etcd集群，10.0.15.61，10.0.15.62，10.0.15.63节点都需要安装以下方式安装

注意修改每个节点的名称和ip

# 配置etcd的配置文件！注意每个节点都不一样ip和名称
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.15.61:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.15.61:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.15.61:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.15.61:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://10.0.15.61:2380,etcd-2=https://10.0.15.62:2380,etcd-3=https://10.0.15.63:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

3.3.3.配置etcd.service文件（systemd管理）

由于是etcd集群，10.0.15.61，10.0.15.62，10.0.15.63节点都需要安装以下方式安装

# 拷贝刚才的证书
cp opt/TLS/etcd/ca*pem opt/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#重启systemd守护程序，开启etcd进程和开机自启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

# 检查etcd集群的状态
cd /opt/etcd/bin/
./etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://10.0.15.61:2379,https://10.0.15.62:2379,https://10.0.15.63:2379" endpoint health

# 显示如下
# https://10.0.15.61:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 12.648209ms
# https://10.0.15.62:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 12.59362ms
# https://10.0.15.63.8:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 13.813008ms

4.master节点安装

下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG1.18.md#v1183

注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个 server 包就够了，包含了 Master 和 Worker Node 二进制文件。

4.1.生成kube-apiserver证书（在master节点上）

4.1.1.生成ca根证书

cd /opt/TLS/k8s
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成并查看证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

4.1.2.生成kube-apiserver证书

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "10.0.15.61", 
      "10.0.15.62",
      "10.0.15.63",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生产并查看证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

4.1.3.拷贝证书

cp /opt/TLS/k8s/ca*pem /opt/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

4.2.kube-apiserver组件安装

4.2.1.下载压缩包

wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG1.18.md#v1183
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

4.2.2.配置文件kube-apiserver.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=4 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://10.0.15.61:2379,https://10.0.15.62:2379,https://10.0.15.63:2379 \\
--bind-address=10.0.15.61 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=10.0.15.61 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.233.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

4.2.3.启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
4bb064aa9687d4f0896e4b5439c8996b,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF
#格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组

#token 也可自行生成替换：
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

4.2.4.配置kube-apiserver.service文件（systemd管理）

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动 kube-apiserver
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

4.3.kube-controller-manager组件的安装

4.3.1.配置文件kube-controller-manager.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=4 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

4.3.2.配置kube-controller-manager.service文件

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动kube-controller-manager
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

4.4.kube-scheduler组件的安装

4.4.1.配置文件kube-scheduler.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

4.4.2.配置kube-scheduler.service文件

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动 kube-scheduler
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

4.5.master节点安装检测

# 查看集群状况，正常出现如下情况呢
kubectl get cs
# NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
# scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
# controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
# etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
# etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
# etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

5.node节点安装

先在master节点上操作，将master当做一个工作节点加入集群（但是不主张，master节点一般性能较差），最后将生成的文件分别拷贝到各个node节点中。

5.1.创建工作目录

#在所有 worker node 创建工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
#从压缩包中拷贝命令
cd /opt/kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin

5.2.kubelet组件的安装

5.2.1.配置文件kubelet.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master61 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

5.2.2.配置参数文件kubelet-config.yml

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

这里的ca.pem证书是kube-apiserver的根证书，如果该节点没有，需要自行拷贝

5.2.3.生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件

# apiserver的ip需要maser的ip
KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.22.217.6:6443" 
# 与token.csv里保持一致
TOKEN="4bb064aa9687d4f0896e4b5439c8996b" 
cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 拷贝到配置文件路径：
cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

5.2.4.配置kubelet.service文件

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

5.2.5.批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr
#NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
#node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A   6m3s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A

# 查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master61   NotReady   <none>   7s    v1.18.3
#注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

5.3.kube-proxy组件的安装

5.3.1.生成kube-proxy证书

# 切换工作目录
cd /opt/TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

ls kube-proxy*pem
# kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

5.3.2.生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

#注意apiserver是masterip
KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.15.61:6443" 
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
# 拷贝到配置文件指定路径：
cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

5.3.3.配置文件kube-proxy.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

5.3.4.配置参数文件kube-proxy-config.yml

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

5.3.5.配置kube-proxy.service文件

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# kube-proxy启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

5.4.部署其他节点

# 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
在master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点10.0.15.62/10.0.15.63
# 拷贝，这里可能需要新建文件夹
scp /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt/ # 节点的东西
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system # 服务
scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt/  #网络文件
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/ssl # 证书

# 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件，类似于节点的信息
rm /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除重新生成。

# 修改kublet中对应的主机名，如同修改etcd的ip和主机名一样
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node62
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node63

# 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy
# 在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请，和之前master节点自己请求，自己发证书一样
kubectl get csr
# NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
# node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro   89s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro

# 查看Node状态
kubectl get node
# NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
# k8s-master61 Ready      <none>   65m   v1.18.3
# k8s-node62   Ready      <none>   12m   v1.18.3
# k8s-node63   Ready      <none>   81s   v1.18.3

6.部署CNI网络

下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni- plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

6.1.下载压缩包

#解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录：
mkdir /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

6.2.下载kube-flannel.yml文件并部署

# 默认镜像地址无法访问，修改为docker hub镜像仓库。最好修改一下他的仓库 lizhenliang
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

# 应用网络
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

# 查看网络和节点
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
#NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
#kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95   1/1     Running   0          72s

kubectl get node
#NAME         STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
#k8s-master61 Ready    <none>   41m   v1.18.3

6.3.授权apiserver访问kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

# 应用授权
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

7.dashboard的安装

7.1.下载yml文件

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部

vi recommended.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

# 应用dashboard文件
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
# NAME                                             READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
# pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-694557449d-z8gfb   1/1     Running             0          2m18s
# pod/kubernetes-dashboard-9774cc786-q2gsx         1/1     Running             0          2m19s

# NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
# service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.0.0.1   <none>        8000/TCP        2m19s
# service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.0.0.2   <none>        443:30001/TCP   2m19s

访问地址：https://NodeIP:30001，此处使用公网ip

7.2.创建用户和角色

#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

使用输出的token登录Dashboard。

最好用火狐浏览器打开！！！

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