Spring Boot 使用RestTemplate HTTP调用
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2022-06-28 11:11:34
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RestTemplate
RestTemplate配置类
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateConfig.class);
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
// 添加内容转换器,使用默认的内容转换器
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpRequestFactory());
// 设置编码格式为UTF-8,解决中文乱码问题
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterList = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
HttpMessageConverter<?> converterTarget = null;
for (HttpMessageConverter<?> item : converterList) {
if (item.getClass() == StringHttpMessageConverter.class) {
converterTarget = item;
break;
}
}
if (converterTarget != null) {
converterList.remove(converterTarget);
}
HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
converterList.add(1,converter);
logger.info("-----restTemplate-----初始化完成");
return restTemplate;
}
@Bean
public ClientHttpRequestFactory httpRequestFactory() {
return new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient());
}
@Bean
public HttpClient httpClient() {
// 长连接保持30秒
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//设置整个连接池最大连接数 根据自己的场景决定
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(500);
//同路由的并发数,路由是对maxTotal的细分
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(500);
//requestConfig
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
//服务器返回数据(response)的时间,超过该时间抛出read timeout
.setSocketTimeout(10000)
//连接上服务器(握手成功)的时间,超出该时间抛出connect timeout
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
//从连接池中获取连接的超时时间,超过该时间未拿到可用连接,会抛出org.apache.http.conn.ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(500)
.build();
//headers
List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<>();
headers.add(new BasicHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.16 Safari/537.36"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Content-type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8"));
return HttpClientBuilder.create()
.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
.setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
.setDefaultHeaders(headers)
// 保持长连接配置,需要在头添加Keep-Alive
.setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy())
//重试次数,默认是3次,没有开启
.setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(2, true))
.build();
}
}
直接在类中注入使用
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
public class HttpUtil {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
public void Post() {
HttpEntity requestEntity = null;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.valueOf("application/json"));
requestEntity = new HttpEntity(String.format(""), headers);
JSONObject response = restTemplate.postForObject("http://www.baidu.com", requestEntity, JSONObject.class);
System.out.println(response);
}
}
封装成工具类,静态调用
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
@Component
public class HttpStaticUtil {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
private static RestTemplate staticRestTemplate;
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
@PostConstruct
public void staticVarAssignment() {
this.staticRestTemplate = restTemplate;
}
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
public static void Post() {
HttpEntity requestEntity = null;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.valueOf("application/json"));
requestEntity = new HttpEntity(String.format(""), headers);
JSONObject response = staticRestTemplate.postForObject("http://www.baidu.com", requestEntity, JSONObject.class);
System.out.println(response);
}
}
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