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SpringMVC:文件上传,下载

程序员文章站 2022-03-11 20:15:23
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一.文件上传


备注:

以下代码已经非常成熟,大家仅按照个人需求改动里面相关类名或者请求路径等名称,无需大幅度修改代码

方法一:

1. 导入依赖

导入文件上传的jar包,commons-fileupload , Maven会自动帮我们导入他的依赖包 commons-io包;
在pom.xml中添加如下依赖

<!--文件上传-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet-api导入高版本的-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 在springmvc-servlet.xml文件中添加如下配置

注意!这个bena的id必须为:multipartResolver , 否则上传文件会报400的错误!

 <!--文件上传配置-->
 <bean id="multipartResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
     <!-- 请求的编码格式,必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致,以便正确读取表单的内容,默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
     <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
     <!-- 上传文件大小上限,单位为字节(10485760=10M) -->
     <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
     <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
 </bean>

CommonsMultipartFile 的 常用方法:
String getOriginalFilename():获取上传文件的原名
InputStream getInputStream():获取文件流
void transferTo(File dest):将上传文件保存到一个目录文件中

3. 编写前端页面 index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file"/>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
  </form>
  </body>
</html>

4. 编写Controller

package com.lzcu.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@RestController
public class FileController {
	//@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
	//批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
	@RequestMapping("/upload")
	public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

		//获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
		String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

		//如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
		if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
			return "redirect:/index.jsp";
		}
		System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName);

		//上传路径保存设置
		String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
		//如果路径不存在,创建一个
		File realPath = new File(path);
		if (!realPath.exists()){
			realPath.mkdir();
		}
		System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);

		InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
		OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流

		//读取写出
		int len=0;
		byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
			os.write(buffer,0,len);
			os.flush();
		}
		os.close();
		is.close();
		return "redirect:/index.jsp";
	}
}

5. 配置tomcat,启动测试。

浏览器页面:
SpringMVC:文件上传,下载
本地查看文件是否上传到本地:
SpringMVC:文件上传,下载

方法二:

采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件

以上环境必须得配:

1. 编写Controller

package com.lzcu.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by wangshilin on 2020/2/27
 */
@Controller
public class FileController02 {
	/*
	 * 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/upload2")
	public String  fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

		//上传路径保存设置
		String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
		File realPath = new File(path);
		if (!realPath.exists()){
			realPath.mkdir();
		}
		//上传文件地址
		System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);

		//通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件(注意这个时候)
		file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));

		return "redirect:/index.jsp";
	}
}

2.更改前端页面请求

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload2" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file"/>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
  </form>
  </body>
</html>

3. 启动测试。

浏览器:
SpringMVC:文件上传,下载
本地验证:
SpringMVC:文件上传,下载

二.文件下载

0.准备工作

  • 环境和上面一样
  • 在upload目录下存放一张照片:hello.png

1.编写Controller

package com.lzcu.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * Created by wangshilin on 2020/2/27
 */
@RestController
public class FileDownController {
	@RequestMapping(value="/download")
	public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		//要下载的图片地址
		String  path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
		String  fileName = "hello.png";

		//1、设置response 响应头
		response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
		response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
		//设置响应头
		response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
				"attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));

		File file = new File(path,fileName);
		//2、 读取文件--输入流
		InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
		//3、 写出文件--输出流
		OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

		byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
		int index=0;
		//4、执行 写出操作
		while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
			out.write(buff, 0, index);
			out.flush();
		}
		out.close();
		input.close();
		return null;
	}
}

2.修改前端页面:index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload2" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file"/>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">

    <a href="/download">点击下载</a>
  </form>
  </body>
</html>

3.配置tomcat,测试。ok

SpringMVC:文件上传,下载