spring could 之服务消费者(rest+ribbon)
ribbon是一个负载均衡客户端,可以很好的控制htt和tcp的一些行为。Feign默认集成了ribbon。
ribbon 已经默认实现了这些配置bean:
IClientConfig ribbonClientConfig: DefaultClientConfigImpl
IRule ribbonRule: ZoneAvoidanceRule
IPing ribbonPing: NoOpPing
ServerList ribbonServerList: ConfigurationBasedServerList
ServerListFilter ribbonServerListFilter: ZonePreferenceServerListFilter
ILoadBalancer ribbonLoadBalancer: ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
二、准备工作
这一篇文章基于上一篇文章《spring could 之服务的注册与发现(Eureka) 》的工程,启动eureka-server 工程;启动eurekaclient工程,它的端口为8762;将eurekaclient的配置文件的端口改为8763,并启动,这时你会发现:eurekaclient在eureka-server注册了2个实例,这就相当于一个小的集群。访问localhost:8761如图所示:
新建模块could_ribbon
工程目录结构:
1、pom.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.xuan</groupId>
<artifactId>could_ribbon</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>could_ribbon</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、应用配置文件application.yml:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
instance:
hostname: localhost
statusPageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
healthCheckUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/health
homePageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
prefer-ip-address: true
server:
port: 8764
spring:
application:
name: cooldribbon
3、应用主入口程序:
package com.xuan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class CouldRibbonApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CouldRibbonApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced // 负载均衡 @LoadBalanced注解表明这个restRemplate开启负载均衡的功能。
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
4、ribbon负载均衡功能使用测试
使用restTemplate.getForObject()调用eurekaclient提供的服务(跑两个eurekaclient工程实例(端口分别在6782,6783)),XUANCLIENT是eurekaclient工程配置文件里的应用名称(尽量简单,不使用特殊字符)
package com.xuan.service.impl;
import com.xuan.service.VideoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* Created by chenqixuan on 17/10/27.
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements com.xuan.service.UserService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Override
@Validated
public String hiService(String name) {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://XUANCLIENT/?name="+name,String.class);
}
}
controller层调用:
package com.xuan.controller;
import com.xuan.service.UserService;
import com.xuan.service.impl.UserServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Created by chenqixuan on 17/10/27.
*/
@RestController
public class HomeController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String home(){
return userService.hiService("ooooo");
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
public String hi(@RequestParam String name){
return userService.hiService(name);
}
}
一个服务注册中心,eureka server,端口为8761
eurekaclient工程跑了两个实例,端口分别为8762,8763,分别向服务注册中心注册
cooldribbon端口为8764,向服务注册中心注册
当cooldribbon通过restTemplate调用service-hi的hi接口时,因为用ribbon进行了负载均衡,会轮流的调用service-hi:8762和8763 两个端口的hi接口;
效果图:
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