【Vim】Vim常用配置＜二＞

在前面的文章《使用Vim撰写科研论文》和《Vim常用配置<一>》中，我们介绍了一些较为实用的vim插件的安装和使用。这篇文章介绍一下，最基础普适的设置，主要分为：一般性设置，键位设置。

• 一般性设置

  • 设置显示行号

    " set line number
    set number
    set numberwidth=4
    set relativenumber
    

  • 设置光标

    "Keep the cursor above the bottom by 7 lines
    set scrolloff=7
    set cursorcolumn
    set cursorline
    

  • 光标颜色设置

    " Visual Mode Orange Background, Black Text
    hi Visual          guifg=DarkGreen guibg=#DDDDDD
    
    " Default Colors for CursorLine
    highlight CursorLine guibg=#3E3D32
    highlight Cursor guibg=#A6E22E;
    
    " Change Color when entering Insert Mode
    autocmd InsertEnter * highlight  CursorLine guibg=#323D3E
    autocmd InsertEnter * highlight  Cursor guibg=#00AAFF;
    
    " Revert Color to default when leaving Insert Mode
    autocmd InsertLeave * highlight  CursorLine guibg=#3E3D32
    autocmd InsertLeave * highlight  Cursor guibg=#A6E22E;
    

  • 宽度设置

    "Set the height and weight for vim form
    set lines=35 columns=118
    
    " the width of tab is 4 space
    set tabstop=4
    " the width of autoindent is 4 space
    set sw=4
    set noexpandtab
    set autoindent
    " set smartindent
    " Highlight the search results, use :noh to cancel
    set hlsearch
    

• 键位设置

  • 组合命令前缀设置

    let mapleader = ","
    

    这个键基本是用的很频繁的，所以我们设置在键盘上方便触及的地方。

  • 行间跳转

    "To move in one long line
    nnoremap k gk
    nnoremap gk k
    nnoremap j gj
    nnoremap gj j
    vnoremap k gk
    vnoremap gk k
    vnoremap j gj
    vnoremap gj j
    

    上述命令就是将行间移动和行内移动进行对调。

  • 自定义快捷键

    inoremap jk <esc>
    "To move to the beginning or end
    nnoremap H ^
    nnoremap L $
    

    原来的键位esc, ^, $ 手指都需要移动较远距离来点击。之所以选择jk来返回到命令模式，主要原因是，一方面在编辑模式下，以jk开头的英文单词很少；另一方面，在命令模式下，j,k 只是上下移动的命令，并不会修改文本内容。

  • 编辑.vimrc快捷键设置

    nnoremap <leader>ev :vsplit $MYVIMRC<cr>
    "-------Choose one for execute the vimrc file when it's saved
    nnoremap <leader>sv :source $MYVIMRC<cr>
    autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC
    

    这样我们可以通过命令<leader>ev打开配置文件，通过命令<leader>sv来使之生效。当然，我们可以直接保存该文件使之生效。

---

至此，我们完成了.vimrc配置文件的全部讲解，下面给出完整的.vimrc文件：

set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
filetype on                  " required
" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'lervag/vimtex'
Plugin 'vim-airline/vim-airline'
Plugin 'vim-airline/vim-airline-themes'
Bundle 'kien/ctrlp.vim'
Plugin 'altercation/vim-colors-solarized'
 "A Vim Plugin for Lively Previewing LaTeX PDF Output
Plugin 'xuhdev/vim-latex-live-preview'
Plugin 'rking/ag.vim'
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Plugin 'ryanoasis/vim-devicons'
Plugin 'tiagofumo/vim-nerdtree-syntax-highlight'
Plugin 'sirver/ultisnips'
Plugin 'honza/vim-snippets'
Plugin 'tpope/vim-surround'
Plugin 'skywind3000/asyncrun.vim' "for running C
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdcommenter'
Plugin 'Yggdroot/indentLine'
Plugin 'majutsushi/tagbar'
Plugin 'KeitaNakamura/tex-conceal.vim'
Plugin 'vim-scripts/indentpython.vim'
call vundle#end()            " required
filetype plugin indent on    " required

"----------------General Configurations----------------
set encoding=UTF-8
"To show icons
set guifont=DroidSansMono_Nerd_Font:h16

" set line number
set number
set numberwidth=4
set relativenumber

" set the theme
set t_Co=256
set background=dark
colorscheme solarized

let g:ag_prg="</usr/local/bin/> --vimgrep"

"Set the height and weight for vim form
set lines=35 columns=118

" the width of tab is 4 space
set tabstop=4
" the width of autoindent is 4 space
set sw=4
set noexpandtab
set autoindent
" set smartindent
" Highlight the search results, use :noh to cancel
set hlsearch

syntax enable
syntax on

"Set the transparency of the vim
set transparency=2  


"Keep the cursor above the bottom by 7 lines
set scrolloff=7
set cursorcolumn
set cursorline

" " Visual Mode Orange Background, Black Text
" hi Visual          guifg=DarkGreen guibg=#DDDDDD

" " Default Colors for CursorLine
" highlight CursorLine guibg=#3E3D32
" highlight Cursor guibg=#A6E22E;

" " Change Color when entering Insert Mode
" autocmd InsertEnter * highlight  CursorLine guibg=#323D3E
" autocmd InsertEnter * highlight  Cursor guibg=#00AAFF;

" " Revert Color to default when leaving Insert Mode
" autocmd InsertLeave * highlight  CursorLine guibg=#3E3D32
" autocmd InsertLeave * highlight  Cursor guibg=#A6E22E;

set spelllang=en_us
set spell

"-----------------Key Mapping------------------
let mapleader = ","


"To move in one long line
nnoremap k gk
nnoremap gk k
nnoremap j gj
nnoremap gj j
vnoremap k gk
vnoremap gk k
vnoremap j gj
vnoremap gj j

inoremap jk <esc>
"To move to the beginning or end
nnoremap H ^
nnoremap L $



nnoremap <leader>ev :vsplit $MYVIMRC<cr>
"-------Choose one for execute the vimrc file when it's saved
nnoremap <leader>sv :source $MYVIMRC<cr>
autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC


"Set the airline's theme
let g:airline_theme="solarized"

"----------------Configuration for LaTeX---------------"
"Type help vimtex for detailed information
let g:tex_flavor='latex'
let g:vimtex_view_method='skim' "Use Skim as the pdf viewer
let g:vimtex_view_automatic=1
let g:vimtex_quickfix_mode=2
let g:vimtex_quickfix_autoclose_after_keystrokes=1
set conceallevel=2
let g:tex_conceal='abdmg'
let g:vimtex_quickfix_autojump=1
let g:vimtex_compiler_latexmk = {
    \ 'options' : [
    \   '-xelatex',
    \   '-verbose',
    \   '-file-line-error',
    \   '-synctex=1',
    \   '-interaction=nonstopmode',
    \ ],
    \}

let g:vimtex_complete_ignore_case=1
let g:vimtex_complete_close_braces=1

"In insert mode show the details, show the math equations othewise
autocmd FileType tex inoremap jk <esc>:set conceallevel=0<cr>
autocmd FileType tex nnoremap i :set conceallevel=0<cr>i
autocmd FileType tex nnoremap s :set conceallevel=0<cr>s
autocmd FileType tex nnoremap a :set conceallevel=0<cr>a
autocmd Filetype tex setlocal nofoldenable

"-------set the shortcuts for compiling, viewing, and cleaning .tex files
autocmd FileType tex nmap <leader>b  \ll
autocmd FileType tex nmap <leader>v \lv
autocmd FileType tex  nmap <leader>c \lc
autocmd FileType tex nmap <leader>t \lt

"Trigger the autocompletion for \cite and \ref in latex
imap <leader><tab> <C-X><C-O>


"----------Settings for xuhdev/vim-latex-live-preview
autocmd Filetype tex setl updatetime=15 "To set the update time for live view
let g:livepreview_previewer='open -a skim'


"-------Shortcuts for the plugin tpope/vim-surround
nmap <leader>) ysiw)
nmap <leader>} ysiw}
nmap <leader>" ysiw"

"-------Shortcuts for the plugin ctrlp
let g:ctrlp_map = '<c-p>'
let g:ctrlp_cmd = 'CtrlP'
let g:ctrlp_by_filename=1
"set the types of files that can be ignored
let g:ctrlp_custom_ignore = {
    \ 'dir':  '\v[\/]\.(git|hg|svn|rvm)$',
    \ 'file': '\v\.(exe|so|dll|zip|tar|tar.gz|pyc)$',
    \ }

"-------Settings for NERDTree
autocmd StdinReadPre * let s:std_in=1
autocmd VimEnter * if argc() == 0 && !exists("s:std_in") | NERDTree | endif
autocmd vimenter * NERDTree
"Close vim when the NERDTree is the only window
autocmd bufenter * if (winnr("$") == 1 && exists("b:NERDTree") && b:NERDTree.isTabTree()) | q | endif

"To update the NERDTree when change the Tab by gt
nnoremap gt gt:NERDTreeFind<CR><C-w>l 
" Open or close the NERDTree 
nmap <C-e> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
let NERDTreeIgnore=['\.pyc','\~$','\.swp']

let g:NERDTreeShowLineNumbers=1

" NERDTress File highlighting
"Set the vim-devicons
"vim-nerdtree-syntax-highlight settings
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
let g:WebDevIconsDisableDefaultFolderSymbolColorFromNERDTreeDir = 1
let g:WebDevIconsDisableDefaultFileSymbolColorFromNERDTreeFile = 1
" not to show brackets around flags
let g:webdevicons_conceal_nerdtree_brackets = 1
" enable folder/directory glyph flag (disabled by default with 0)
let g:WebDevIconsUnicodeDecorateFolderNodes = 1
" enable open and close folder/directory glyph flags (disabled by default with 0)
let g:DevIconsEnableFoldersOpenClose = 1
" use double-width(1) or single-width(0) glyphs
" only manipulates padding, has no effect on terminal or set(guifont) font
let g:WebDevIconsUnicodeGlyphDoubleWidth = 0
" Force extra padding in NERDTree so that the filetype icons line up vertically
let g:WebDevIconsNerdTreeGitPluginForceVAlign = 1

augroup custom_nerdtree_options
    autocmd!
    autocmd FileType,WinEnter * :call <SID>SetNerdTreeOptions()
augroup END

function! s:SetNerdTreeOptions() abort
    if &l:filetype ==# 'nerdtree'
        let g:default_opts = {
                    \   'ambiwidth': &ambiwidth,
                    \   'listchars': &listchars,
                    \   'list'     : &l:list,
                    \ }
        setlocal ambiwidth=double listchars=space:. nolist
    else
        if exists('g:default_opts')
            let [&ambiwidth, &listchars, &l:list] = [
                        \   g:default_opts.ambiwidth,
                        \   g:default_opts.listchars,
                        \   g:default_opts.list
                        \ ]
            unlet g:default_opts
        endif
    endif
endfunction

"Highlight full name (not only icons). You need to add this if you don't have vim-devicons and want highlight.
let g:NERDTreeFileExtensionHighlightFullName = 1
let g:NERDTreeExactMatchHighlightFullName = 1
let g:NERDTreePatternMatchHighlightFullName = 1

"Highlight full name (not only icons). You need to add this if you don't have vim-devicons and want highlight.
let g:NERDTreeHighlightFolders = 1

"highlights the folder name
let g:NERDTreeHighlightFoldersFullName = 1

"you can add these colors to your .vimrc to help customizing
let s:brown = "905532"
let s:aqua =  "3AFFDB"
let s:blue = "689FB6"
let s:darkBlue = "44788E"
let s:purple = "834F79"
let s:lightPurple = "834F79"
let s:red = "AE403F"
let s:beige = "F5C06F"
let s:yellow = "F09F17"
let s:orange = "D4843E"
let s:darkOrange = "F16529"
let s:pink = "CB6F6F"
let s:salmon = "EE6E73"
let s:green = "8FAA54"
let s:Turquoise = "40E0D0"
let s:lightGreen = "31B53E"
let s:white = "FFFFFF"
let s:rspec_red = "FE405F"
let s:git_orange = "F54D27"
let s:gray = "808A87"

let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor = {} " this line is needed to avoid error
let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor['py'] = s:orange " sets the color of py files to blue
let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor['tex'] = s:yellow " sets the color of tex files to blue
let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor['c'] = s:green " sets the color of c files to blue
let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor['pdf'] = s:beige " sets the color of pdf files to blue
let g:NERDTreeExtensionHighlightColor['c++'] = s:green " sets the color of c++ files to blue

"---------------settings for the nerdcommenter--------------------------------"
" Add a space before comments
let g:NERDSpaceDelims=1


"---------------configurations for the plugin ultisnips--------------------"
let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger = '<tab>'
let g:UltiSnipsJumpForwardTrigger = '<tab>'
let g:UltiSnipsJumpBackwardTrigger = '<s-tab>'

"---------------settings for the plugin asyncrun---------------------------"
let g:asyncrun_open =6
let g:asyncrun_bell =1
let g:asyncrun_rootmarks = ['.svn', '.git', '.root', '_darcs', 'build.xml'] 

"call for the quickfix window
autocmd FileType c,cpp nnoremap <leader>c :call asyncrun#quickfix_toggle(6)<cr>
"Shortcuts for compiling and run the c file
autocmd FileType c,cpp nnoremap <silent> <leader>b :AsyncRun -cwd=<root>  make <cr>
autocmd FileType c,cpp nnoremap <silent> <leader>r :AsyncRun  -cwd=<root> -raw make run <cr>

"---------------Configurations for the plugin ctags-----------------------"
let g:tagbar_ctags_bin='/usr/local/bin/ctags'
let g:tagbar_width=30
let g:tagbar_right=1
"AutoOpen tagbar for c/c++ files
autocmd BufReadPost *.cpp,*.c,*.h,*.hpp,*.cc call tagbar#autoopen()
"Open or close tagbar
map <leader>tb :TagbarToggle<CR>



"---------------Settings for the plugin indentline-----------------------"
let g:indentLine_char='|'
let g:indentLine_enabled=1

"---------------Configurations for Python-------------------------------"
set encoding=utf-8
au BufNewFile,BufRead *.py set tabstop=4 |set softtabstop=4|set shiftwidth=4|set textwidth=79|set expandtab|set autoindent|set fileformat=unix
set clipboard=unnamed

let python_highlight_all=1

function CheckPythonSyntax() 
    let mp = &makeprg 
    let ef = &errorformat 
    let exeFile = expand("%:t") 
    setlocal makeprg=python3\ -u  
    set efm=%C\ %.%#,%A\ \ File\ \"%f\"\\,\ line\ %l%.%#,%Z%[%^\ ]%\\@=%m 
    silent make %
    copen 
   let &makeprg     = mp  
    let &errorformat = ef  
endfunction
au filetype python map <leader>b  :w <cr> :call CheckPythonSyntax() <cr> :cw<cr>