pandas 时间偏移的实现

时间偏移就是在指定时间往前推或者往后推一段时间，即加减一段时间之后的时间

python中主要有2种方式:一种是借助timedelta，另一种是pandas中的日期偏移量date offset

1 timedelta

1.1 时间偏移单位为周

1.1.1 往后推1周

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + timedelta(weeks=1))

result:

2007-05-19 18:53:32

1.1.2 往前推1周

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date - timedelta(weeks=1))

result:

2007-05-05 18:53:32

1.2 时间偏移单位为天

1.2.1 往后推1天

from datetime import timedelta, datetime
​
date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + timedelta(days=1))

result:

2007-05-13 18:53:32

1.2.2 往前推1天

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date - timedelta(days=1))

result:

2007-05-11 18:53:32

1.3 时间偏移单位为小时

1.3.1 往后推1小时

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + timedelta(hours=1))

result:

2007-05-12 19:53:32

1.3.2 往前推1小时

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date - timedelta(hours=1))

result:

2007-05-12 17:53:32

1.4 时间偏移单位为分钟

1.4.1 往后推1分钟

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + timedelta(minutes=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:54:32

1.4.2 往前推1分钟

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date - timedelta(minutes=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:52:32

1.5 时间偏移单位为秒

1.5.1 往后推1秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + timedelta(seconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:33

1.5.2 往前推1秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date - timedelta(seconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:31

1.6 时间偏移单位为毫秒

1.6.1 往后推1毫秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32, 987)
print(date + timedelta(milliseconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:32.001987

1.6.2 往前推1毫秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32, 987)
print(date - timedelta(milliseconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:31.999987

1.7 时间偏移单位为微秒

1.7.1 往后推1微秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32, 987)
print(date + timedelta(microseconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:32.000988

1.7.2 往前推1微秒

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32, 987)
print(date - timedelta(microseconds=1))

result:

2007-05-12 18:53:32.000986

2 date offset

from datetime import datetime
from pandas.tseries.offsets import day
date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32, 987)
print(date + day(1))

result:

2007-05-13 18:53:32.000987

2.1 时间偏移单位为天

2.1.1 往后推1天

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32)
print(date + day(1))

result:

2007-05-13 18:53:32

2.1.2 往前推1天

date = datetime(2007, 5, 12, 18, 53, 32,)
print(date - day(1))

result:

2007-05-11 18:53:32

其他时间单位与timedelta差不多，单位为周、小时、分钟、秒时只要将day相应的换为week, hour, minute, second就可以。在此不一一列举。

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