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接口

程序员文章站 2022-06-13 19:12:53
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接口
1.多个无关的类可以实现同一个接口;
2.一个类可以实现多个无关的接口;
3.与继承关系类似,接口与现实类之间存在多态性;
4.定义Java类的语法格式:
class[extends]
[implements[,]*]{}
5.接口(interface)时抽象方法和常量值的定义的集合;
6.从本质上讲,接口时一种特殊的抽象类,这种类中只包含常量和方法的定义,而没有变量和方法的实现;
7.接口定义举例:

public interface Runner{
	public static final int id = 1;
	 //定义为public static final是为了修正多继承的时候容易出现问题的地方。
	public void start();
 	public void run();
	public void stop();
 }

接口特性
1.接口可以多重实现;
2.接口中声明的属性默认为 public static final 的;也只能是 public static final 的;
3.接口中只能定义抽象方法,而且这些方法默认为 public 的、也这能是 public 的;
4.接口可以继承其它的接口,并添加新的属性和抽象方法。

例1:

interface Singer{
	 public void sing();
	public void sleep();
}

//继承
class Student implements Singer{
	private String name;
	Student(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void study(){
		System.out.println("studying");
	}
	public String getName(){
	return name;
	}
	
	//重写
	public void sing(){
		System.out.println("student is singing");
	}
	public void sleep(){
		System.out.println("student is sleeping");
	}
}

例2

//接口一
interface Singer{
	public void sing();
	public void sleep();
}
//接口二
interface Painter{
	public void paint();
	public void eat();
}

//继承
class Student implements Singer{
	private String name;
	Student(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void study(){
		System.out.println("studying");
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
	
	//重写
	public void sing(){
		System.out.println("student is singsing");
	}
	 public void sleep(){
 		 System.out.println("student is sleeping");
	 }
}

//继承
class Teacher implements Singer,Painter{
 	private String name;
	public String getString(){
		return name;
	}
	Teacher(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void teach(){
		System.out.println("teaching");
	}
	
 	//重写
 	public void sing(){
  		System.out.println("teacher is singing");
	}
	public void sleep(){
		System.out.println("teacher is sleeping");
	}
	public void paint(){
		System.out.println("teacher is painting");
	}
	public void eat(){
		System.out.println("teacher is eating");
	}
}

public class Test{
	//主方法
	public static void main(String[] agrs){
		Singer s1 = new Student("le");
		s1.sing();
		s1.sleep();
		Singer s2 = new Teacher("steven");
		s2.sing();
		s2.sleep();
		Painter p1 = (Painter)s2;
		p1.paint();
		p1.eat();
	}
}