配置GRE隧道

2.1 问题

1. 如图配置IPv4和IPv6地址
2. R1/R2/R3运行OSPF协议，实现互通
3. R1和R3通过回环口建立GRE隧道
4. 配置IPv6静态路由，实现PC-1/2互通

2.2 方案

使用eNSP搭建实验环境，如图-2所示。

图-2

2.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

1）配置IPv4地址和OSPF，实现 R1和R3的回环口互通

    <Huawei>undo terminal monitor     
    <Huawei>system-view     
    [Huawei]sysname R1
    [R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
    [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.12.1 24
    [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
    [R1]interface LoopBack  0    //创建回环口，用于建立 GRE 隧道
    [R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.10.1.1 32
    [R1-LoopBack0]quit
    [R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1  //启用 OSPF 协议，配置 router-id 为 1.1.1.1
    [R1-ospf-1]area  0 
    [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  10.10.1.1 0.0.0.0   //回环口必须宣告
    [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255
    [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
    [R1-ospf-1]quit
    <Huawei>undo terminal monitor 
    <Huawei>system-view 
    [Huawei]sysname R2
    [R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
    [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address  192.168.12.2 24
    [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
    [R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
    [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address  192.168.23.2 24
    [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
    [R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2  //启用 OSPF 协议，配置 router-id 为 2.2.2.2
    [R2-ospf-1]area  0 
    [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255
    [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255
    [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
    [R2-ospf-1]quit
    <Huawei>undo terminal monitor     
    <Huawei>system-view     
    [Huawei]sysname R3
    [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
    [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address  192.168.23.3 24
    [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
    [R3]interface LoopBack  0    //创建回环口，用于建立 GRE 隧道    
    [R3-LoopBack0]ip address  10.10.3.3 32
    [R3-LoopBack0]quit
    [R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3  //启用 OSPF 协议，配置 router-id 为 3.3.3.3
    [R3-ospf-1]area  0 
    [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  10.10.3.3 0.0.0.0   //回环口必须宣告
    [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255
    [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
    [R3-ospf-1]quit

2）启用IPv6，创建 GRE隧道，配置IPv6地址

    [R1]ipv6 //开启IPv6功能
    [R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/13     //建立GRE隧道接口
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]tunnel-protocol gre //指定隧道协议为GRE
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]source 10.10.1.1 //指定隧道的源IP地址
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]destination 10.10.3.3    //指定隧道的目标IP地址
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]ipv6 enable //为隧道开启IPv6功能
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]ipv6 address 2001:13::1 64 //为隧道配置IPv6地址
    [R1-Tunnel0/0/13]quit
    [R3]ipv6  //开启IPv6功能
    [R3]interface Tunnel 0/0/13     //建立GRE隧道接口
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]tunnel-protocol gre //指定隧道协议为GRE    
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]source  10.10.3.3    //指定隧道的源IP地址
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]destination 10.10.1.1    //指定隧道的目标IP地址
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]ipv6 enable //为隧道开启IPv6功能    
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]ipv6 address 2001:13::3 64 //为隧道配置IPv6地址
    [R3-Tunnel0/0/13]quit

3）配置IPv6静态路由

    [R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2    //连接 PC1 所用的接口
    [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6  enable 
    [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2001:11::254 64
    [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
    [R1]ipv6  route-static  2001:22:: 64 2001:13::3 //配置去往PC2所在网段的路由
    [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2    //连接 PC1 所用的接口
    [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6  enable
    [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6  address 2001:22::254 64
    [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
    [R3]ipv6  route-static  2001:11:: 64 2001:13::1 //配置去往PC1所在网段的路由

4）配置IPv6终端IP地址，测试连通性

    PC1:
      2001:11::1/64
      2001:11::254
    PC2:
      2001:22::1/64
      2001:22::254
    PC1>ping 2001:22::1            //PC1 访问 PC2，可以互通
    Ping 2001:22::1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    From 2001:22::1: bytes=32 seq=1 hop limit=253 time=32 ms
    From 2001:22::1: bytes=32 seq=2 hop limit=253 time=31 ms
    From 2001:22::1: bytes=32 seq=3 hop limit=253 time=31 ms
    From 2001:22::1: bytes=32 seq=4 hop limit=253 time=31 ms
    From 2001:22::1: bytes=32 seq=5 hop limit=253 time=32 ms
    --- 2001:22::1 ping statistics ---
      5 packet(s) transmitted
      5 packet(s) received
      0.00% packet loss
      round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms