React Native 前端面试题目汇总，高频问题，提薪必会

程序员文章站 2022-06-09 12:58:20

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一、ES6的新特性有哪些？

箭头操作符

var array = [1, 2, 3];
//传统写法
array.forEach(function(v, i, a) {
    console.log(v);
});
//ES6
array.forEach(v = > console.log(v));

类的支持

//类的定义
class Animal {
	//ES6中新型构造器
    constructor(name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    //实例方法
    sayName() {
        console.log('My name is '+this.name);
    }
}
//类的继承
class Programmer extends Animal {
    constructor(name) {
    	//直接调用父类构造器进行初始化
        super(name);
    }
    program() {
        console.log("I'm coding...");
    }
}
//测试我们的类
var animal=new Animal('dummy'),
wayou=new Programmer('wayou');
animal.sayName();//输出 ‘My name is dummy’
wayou.sayName();//输出 ‘My name is wayou’
wayou.program();//输出 ‘I'm coding...’

增强的对象字面量

//通过对象字面量创建对象
var human = {
    breathe() {
        console.log('breathing...');
    }
};
var worker = {
    __proto__: human, //设置此对象的原型为human,相当于继承human
    company: 'freelancer',
    work() {
        console.log('working...');
    }
};
human.breathe();//输出 ‘breathing...’
//调用继承来的breathe方法
worker.breathe();//输出 ‘breathing...’

字符串模板

//产生一个随机数
var num=Math.random();
//将这个数字输出到console
console.log(`your num is ${num}`);

解构

var [x,y]=getVal(),//函数返回值的解构
    [name,,age]=['wayou','male','secrect'];//数组解构

function getVal() {
    return [ 1, 2 ];
}

console.log('x:'+x+', y:'+y);//输出：x:1, y:2 
console.log('name:'+name+', age:'+age);//输出： name:wayou, age:secrect

默认参数值

function sayHello(name){
	//传统的指定默认参数的方式
	var name=name||'dude';
	console.log('Hello '+name);
}
//运用ES6的默认参数
function sayHello2(name='dude'){
	console.log(`Hello ${name}`);
}
sayHello();//输出：Hello dude
sayHello('Wayou');//输出：Hello Wayou
sayHello2();//输出：Hello dude
sayHello2('Wayou');//输出：Hello Wayou

不定参数

//将所有参数相加的函数
function add(...x){
	return x.reduce((m,n)=>m+n);
}
//传递任意个数的参数
console.log(add(1,2,3));//输出：6
console.log(add(1,2,3,4,5));//输出：15

拓展参数

var people=['Wayou','John','Sherlock'];
//sayHello函数本来接收三个单独的参数人妖，人二和人三
function sayHello(people1,people2,people3){
	console.log(`Hello ${people1},${people2},${people3}`);
}
//但是我们将一个数组以拓展参数的形式传递，它能很好地映射到每个单独的参数
sayHello(...people);//输出：Hello Wayou,John,Sherlock 

//而在以前，如果需要传递数组当参数，我们需要使用函数的apply方法
sayHello.apply(null,people);//输出：Hello Wayou,John,Sherlock

let与const 关键字

for (let i=0;i<2;i++)console.log(i);//输出: 0,1
console.log(i);//输出：undefined,严格模式下会报错

for of 值遍历

var someArray = [ "a", "b", "c" ];
 
for (v of someArray) {
    console.log(v);//输出 a,b,c
}

iterator, generator
模块

// point.js
module "point" {
    export class Point {
        constructor (x, y) {
            public x = x;
            public y = y;
        }
    }
}
 
// myapp.js
//声明引用的模块
module point from "/point.js";
//这里可以看出，尽管声明了引用的模块，还是可以通过指定需要的部分进行导入
import Point from "point";
 
var origin = new Point(0, 0);
console.log(origin);

Map，Set 和 WeakMap，WeakSet

// Sets
var s = new Set();
s.add("hello").add("goodbye").add("hello");
s.size === 2;
s.has("hello") === true;

// Maps
var m = new Map();
m.set("hello", 42);
m.set(s, 34);
m.get(s) == 34;

// Weak Maps
var wm = new WeakMap();
wm.set(s, { extra: 42 });
wm.size === undefined

// Weak Sets
var ws = new WeakSet();
ws.add({ data: 42 });//因为添加到ws的这个临时对象没有其他变量引用它，所以ws不会保存它的值，也就是说这次添加其实没有意思

Proxies

//定义被侦听的目标对象
var engineer = { name: 'Joe Sixpack', salary: 50 };
//定义处理程序
var interceptor = {
  set: function (receiver, property, value) {
    console.log(property, 'is changed to', value);
    receiver[property] = value;
  }
};
//创建代理以进行侦听
engineer = Proxy(engineer, interceptor);
//做一些改动来触发代理
engineer.salary = 60;//控制台输出：salary is changed to 60

Symbols

(function() {

  // 创建symbol
  var key = Symbol("key");

  function MyClass(privateData) {
    this[key] = privateData;
  }

  MyClass.prototype = {
    doStuff: function() {
      ... this[key] ...
    }
  };

})();

var c = new MyClass("hello")
c["key"] === undefined//无法访问该属性，因为是私有的

Math，Number，String，Object 的新API

Number.EPSILON
Number.isInteger(Infinity) // false
Number.isNaN("NaN") // false

Math.acosh(3) // 1.762747174039086
Math.hypot(3, 4) // 5
Math.imul(Math.pow(2, 32) - 1, Math.pow(2, 32) - 2) // 2

"abcde".contains("cd") // true
"abc".repeat(3) // "abcabcabc"

Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('*')) // Returns a real Array
Array.of(1, 2, 3) // Similar to new Array(...), but without special one-arg behavior
[0, 0, 0].fill(7, 1) // [0,7,7]
[1,2,3].findIndex(x => x == 2) // 1
["a", "b", "c"].entries() // iterator [0, "a"], [1,"b"], [2,"c"]
["a", "b", "c"].keys() // iterator 0, 1, 2
["a", "b", "c"].values() // iterator "a", "b", "c"

Object.assign(Point, { origin: new Point(0,0) })

Promises

//创建promise
var promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    // 进行一些异步或耗时操作
    if ( /*如果成功 */ ) {
        resolve("Stuff worked!");
    } else {
        reject(Error("It broke"));
    }
});
//绑定处理程序
promise.then(function(result) {
	//promise成功的话会执行这里
    console.log(result); // "Stuff worked!"
}, function(err) {
	//promise失败会执行这里
    console.log(err); // Error: "It broke"
});

二、网络请求

Fetch