基于xml文件的IOC配置

程序员文章站 2022-03-10 13:05:30

基于xml文件的IOC配置简述 IOC的作用是降低程序间的耦合（依赖关系）而依赖关系的维护是由spring来维护的；我们在当前类使用到其他类的对象，这时spring提供这种关系的管理，我们只需要在配置文件中加以声明即可。我们称依赖关系的维护是依赖注入。注入的数据基本数据类型和String类型 ......

基于xml文件的ioc配置

简述
- ioc的作用是降低程序间的耦合（依赖关系）而依赖关系的维护是由spring来维护的；我们在当前类使用到其他类的对象，这时spring提供这种关系的管理，我们只需要在配置文件中加以声明即可。我们称依赖关系的维护是依赖注入。
注入的数据
- 基本数据类型和string类型
- 其他bean类型
- 复杂类型/集合类型

注入方式

使用构造函数提供

使用constructor-arg标签，隶属于bean标签

此标签属性的声明

type:用于要指定的数据的数据类型，这数据类型也是构造函数中某个或者某些参数的类型
index:用于要指定注入的参数在构造函数中指定参数的位置，从0开始
name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称（强烈建议使用）
value:用于指定基本数据类型和string类型的数据

ref:用于指定基本数据类型和string类型的数据

package com.mypro.service.impl;

import com.mypro.dao.userdao;
import com.mypro.dao.impl.userdaoimpl;
import com.mypro.service.userservice;

import java.util.date;

/**
 * 用户的业务实现类
 */
public class userserviceimpl implements userservice {

    // 经常变化的数据并不适用数据依赖注入
    private string name;
    private integer age;
    private date birth;

    public userserviceimpl(string name, integer age, date birth) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    private userdao userdao = new userdaoimpl();

    @override
    public void saveuser() {
        userdao.saveuser();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
       xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="now" class="java.util.date"></bean>
    <bean id="userservice" class="com.mypro.service.impl.userserviceimpl">
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="20"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userdao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.userdaoimpl">
    </bean>


</beans>

使用set方法提供

使用property标签，隶属于bean标签

此标签属性的声明

name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称（强烈建议使用）
value:用于指定基本数据类型和string类型的数据

ref:用于指定基本数据类型和string类型的数据

package com.mypro.dao.impl;

import com.mypro.dao.userdao;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * 用户的持久层实现类
 */
public class userdaoimpl implements userdao {
    // 经常变化的数据并不适用依赖注入
    private string name;
    private integer age;
    private date birth;
    // 复杂类型的数据的注入
    private string[] mystrs;
    private list<string> mylists;
    private set<string> mysets;
    private map<string, string> mymaps;
    private properties myprops;

    public void setmystrs(string[] mystrs) {
        this.mystrs = mystrs;
    }

    public void setmylists(list<string> mylists) {
        this.mylists = mylists;
    }

    public void setmysets(set<string> mysets) {
        this.mysets = mysets;
    }

    public void setmymaps(map<string, string> mymaps) {
        this.mymaps = mymaps;
    }

    public void setmyprops(properties myprops) {
        this.myprops = myprops;
    }

    public void setname(string name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setage(integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setbirth(date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    @override
    public void saveuser() {
        system.out.println("用户保存成功！");
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
       xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="now" class="java.util.date"></bean>
    <bean id="userservice" class="com.mypro.service.impl.userserviceimpl">
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="20"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!-- 复杂类型注入
        用于list集合注入的标签
            list、array、set
        用于map集合注入的标签
            map、props
        结构相同的标签可以互换
     -->
    <bean id="userdao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.userdaoimpl">
        <property name="name" value="xiaohu"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <property name="birth" ref="now"></property>
        <property name="mystrs">
            <array>
                <value>aa</value>
                <value>bb</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <property name="mylists">
            <list>
                <value>aa</value>
                <value>bb</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="mysets">
            <set>
                <value>aa</value>
                <value>bb</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <property name="mymaps">
            <map>
                <entry key="aa" value="aa"></entry>
                <entry key="bb">
                    <value>bb</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="myprops">
            <props>
                <prop key="aa">aa</prop>
                <prop key="bb">bb</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>


</beans>

基于xml文件完成ioc配置（案例）

使用dbutils包完成简单业务，导入必要的包

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-context</artifactid>
      <version>5.0.2.release</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-dbutils</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-dbutils</artifactid>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>mysql</groupid>
      <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
      <version>5.1.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>c3p0</groupid>
      <artifactid>c3p0</artifactid>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>junit</groupid>
      <artifactid>junit</artifactid>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

实体类words

package com.mypro.entity;

import java.util.date;

public class words {
    private integer id;
    private string word;
    private string translation;
    private string introduction;
    private integer star;
    private date add_time;
    private integer group_id;

    @override
    public string tostring() {
        return "words{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                ", star=" + star +
                ", add_time=" + add_time +
                ", group_id=" + group_id +
                '}';
    }

    public integer getid() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setid(integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public string getword() {
        return word;
    }

    public void setword(string word) {
        this.word = word;
    }

    public string gettranslation() {
        return translation;
    }

    public void settranslation(string translation) {
        this.translation = translation;
    }

    public string getintroduction() {
        return introduction;
    }

    public void setintroduction(string introduction) {
        this.introduction = introduction;
    }

    public integer getstar() {
        return star;
    }

    public void setstar(integer star) {
        this.star = star;
    }

    public date getadd_time() {
        return add_time;
    }

    public void setadd_time(date add_time) {
        this.add_time = add_time;
    }

    public integer getgroup_id() {
        return group_id;
    }

    public void setgroup_id(integer group_id) {
        this.group_id = group_id;
    }
}

业务层接口wordsservice和实现类wordsserviceimpl （接口类省略）

package com.mypro.entity;

import java.util.date;

public class words {
    private integer id;
    private string word;
    private string translation;
    private string introduction;
    private integer star;
    private date add_time;
    private integer group_id;

    @override
    public string tostring() {
        return "words{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                ", star=" + star +
                ", add_time=" + add_time +
                ", group_id=" + group_id +
                '}';
    }

    public integer getid() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setid(integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public string getword() {
        return word;
    }

    public void setword(string word) {
        this.word = word;
    }

    public string gettranslation() {
        return translation;
    }

    public void settranslation(string translation) {
        this.translation = translation;
    }

    public string getintroduction() {
        return introduction;
    }

    public void setintroduction(string introduction) {
        this.introduction = introduction;
    }

    public integer getstar() {
        return star;
    }

    public void setstar(integer star) {
        this.star = star;
    }

    public date getadd_time() {
        return add_time;
    }

    public void setadd_time(date add_time) {
        this.add_time = add_time;
    }

    public integer getgroup_id() {
        return group_id;
    }

    public void setgroup_id(integer group_id) {
        this.group_id = group_id;
    }
}

持久层接口wordsdao和实现类wordsdaoimpl（接口类省略）简单使用dbutils包

package com.mypro.dao.impl;

import com.mypro.dao.wordsdao;
import com.mypro.entity.words;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.queryrunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.beanhandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.beanlisthandler;

import java.util.list;

public class wordsdaoimpl implements wordsdao {
    
    //为注入bean对象添加一个setter方法
    private queryrunner runner;

    public void setrunner(queryrunner runner) {
        this.runner = runner;
    }

    @override
    public list<words> findall() {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from words", new beanlisthandler<words>(words.class));
        }catch(exception e){
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
    }

    @override
    public words findwordsbyid(integer id) {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from words where id=?", new beanhandler<words>(words.class), id);
        }catch (exception e){
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
    }

    @override
    public void insertwords(words words) {
        try{
            runner.update("insert into words(word, translation, introduction, add_time, star, group_id)" +
                    "values(?,?,?,?,?,?)", words.getword(), words.gettranslation(), words.getintroduction(),
                    words.getadd_time(), words.getstar(), words.getgroup_id());
        }catch (exception e){
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
    }

    @override
    public void updatewords(words words) {
        try{
            runner.update("update words set word=?, translation=?, introduction=?, add_time=?, star=?, group_id=? " +
                    "where id=?", words.getword(), words.gettranslation(), words.getintroduction(), words.getadd_time(),
                    words.getstar(), words.getgroup_id(), words.getid());
        }catch (exception e){
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
    }

    @override
    public void deletewords(integer id) {
        try{
            runner.update("delete from words where id=?", id);
        }catch (exception e){
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
    }
}

bean对象容器mywordbean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
       xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- 配置wordsservice对象 -->
    <bean id="wordsservice" class="com.mypro.service.impl.wordsserviceimpl">
        <!-- 注入wordsdao -->
        <property name="wordsdao" ref="wordsdao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置wordsdao对象 -->
    <bean id="wordsdao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.wordsdaoimpl">
        <!-- 注入runner -->
        <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置queryrunner对象 -->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.queryrunner" scope="prototype">
        <!-- 注入数据源 -->
        <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="datasource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.combopooleddatasource">
        <!-- 连接数据库 -->
        <property name="driverclass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcurl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myword"></property>
        <property name="user" value="username"></property>
        <property name="password" value="password"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试类wordsservicetest

package com.mypro.test;

import com.mypro.entity.words;
import com.mypro.service.wordsservice;
import com.mypro.service.impl.wordsserviceimpl;
import org.junit.before;
import org.junit.test;
import org.springframework.context.applicationcontext;
import org.springframework.context.support.classpathxmlapplicationcontext;

import java.util.date;
import java.util.list;

public class wordsservicetest {
    private wordsservice wordsservice;
    @before
    public void testinit(){
        applicationcontext ac = new classpathxmlapplicationcontext("mywordbean.xml");
        wordsservice = ac.getbean("wordsservice", wordsservice.class);
    }

    @test
    public void testfindall(){
        list<words> all = wordsservice.findall();
        for (words words : all) {
            system.out.println(words);
        }
    }

    @test
    public void testfindone(){
        integer id = 10;
        words words = wordsservice.findwordsbyid(id);
        system.out.println(words);
    }

    @test
    public void testinsert(){
        date now = new date();
        words words = new words();
        words.setword("java");
        words.settranslation("爪哇");
        words.setintroduction("一门编程语言");
        words.setadd_time(now);
        words.setstar(2);
        words.setgroup_id(1);
        wordsservice.insertwords(words);
        system.out.println("success insert!");
    }

    @test
    public void testupdate(){
        date now = new date();
        words words = new words();
        words.setid(9);
        words.setword("java web");
        words.settranslation("爪哇应用");
        words.setintroduction("一门编程语言");
        words.setadd_time(now);
        words.setstar(2);
        words.setgroup_id(1);
        wordsservice.updatewords(words);
        system.out.println("success update!");
    }

    @test
    public void testdelete(){
        integer id = 11;
        wordsservice.deletewords(id);
        system.out.println("success delete!");
    }
}

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