阿里云 centos7 安装mysql
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2022-06-06 23:00:06
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1、配置YUM源
在MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
[aaa@qq.com ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
[aaa@qq.com ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 42
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 51
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 344
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.37-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
replacing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+8 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 82 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/11): mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:00
(2/11): mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:01
(3/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00
(4/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00
(5/11): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00
(6/11): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00
(7/11): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
(8/11): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00
(9/11): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00
(10/11): mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:07
(11/11): mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:00:16
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 4.2 MB/s | 82 MB 00:00:19
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <aaa@qq.com>"
Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 1/13
Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 2/13
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 3/13
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 4/13
Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 5/13
Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 6/13
Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 7/13
Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/13
Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 9/13
Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 10/13
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 11/13
Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 12/13
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 13/13
Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 1/13
Verifying : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 2/13
Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 3/13
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 4/13
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 5/13
Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 6/13
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 7/13
Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 8/13
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/13
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 10/13
Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 11/13
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 12/13
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 13/13
Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
Replaced:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
Complete!
[aaa@qq.com ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[aaa@qq.com ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
... Failed! Not critical, keep moving...
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]#
[aaa@qq.com ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 5.6.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>几个需要设置的地方如图所示：
具体说明如下：
Set root password? [Y/n]
是否设置root用户的密码Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]
是否删除匿名用户Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]
是否禁止root远程登录Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]
是否删除database数据库Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]
是否重新加载授权信息
MySQL安装完成后，此时的MySQL外网是无法访问的：
可以看到 user 为 root，host 为 localhost 的话，说明 MySQL 只允许本机连接，那么外网，本地软件客户端就无法连接了。
解决方案
执行如下命令：
update user set host='%' where user ='root';
flush privileges;查看是否修改正常：
对于设置其他用户远程连接的方法：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON 数据库名.* TO 账户@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "密码";
flush privileges;可以测试外网连接 MySQL 服务器。