Android流式布局实现
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2022-06-06 15:27:13
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Android流式布局实现
通过辛勤工作获得财富才是人生的大快事。
如何通过代码实现类似于一个一个的textview控件放入父控件中,如果一行放不下自动换行呢?今天我们就来实现这个效果,本文的目的旨在了解其原理,如果需要应用到时间项目中还需完善,废话不多说上图!
1.创建一个类集成子ViewGroup
这里重写下列几个方法,FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)用于再布局文件中使用;LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams()、LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p)、LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs)用于获取布局文件中设置的margin;generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs)用于获取测量模式和父布局的大小;onLayout用于摆列子view
public class FlowLayout extends ViewGroup {
private static final String TAG = "FlowLayout";
public FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
@Override
protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
return new MarginLayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
}
@Override
protected LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p) {
return new MarginLayoutParams(p);
}
@Override
public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
return new MarginLayoutParams(getContext(),attrs);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
}
}
2.创建布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<com.ruibetter.customview.view.FlowLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:background="#ff00ff"
>
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="Welcome"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="IT工程师"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="我真是可以的"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="你觉得呢"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="不要只知道挣钱"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="努力ing"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="I thick i can"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="不要只知道"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
<TextView
style="@style/text_flag_01"
android:background="@drawable/flag_03"
android:text="努力ing"
android:textColor="#43BBE7" />
</com.ruibetter.customview.view.FlowLayout>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
其中抽取公共属性到style和drawable里面的一个shape
<style name="text_flag_01">
<item name="android:layout_width">wrap_content</item>
<item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item>
<item name="android:layout_margin">4dp</item>
</style>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<solid android:color="#FFFFFF" >
</solid>
<corners android:radius="40dp"/>
<padding
android:bottom="2dp"
android:left="10dp"
android:right="10dp"
android:top="2dp" />
</shape>
3.测量布局
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
//获取测量模式,这里有三种模式
//wrap_content-> MeasureSpec.AT_MOST
//match_parent -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY
//具体值 -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
//获取布局控件的宽高,这里我们设置的宽位match_parent所以宽位手机屏幕的宽,高我们设置的是wrap_content这里测量出来的
//是手机屏幕的高,当然我们不会用这里的高,我们要实际子view个数算出高。
int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
//定义每一行的宽,循环子view累加
int lineWidth = 0;
//定义每一行的高度即子view的高度
int lineHeight = 0;
//定义父容器的宽度,其实这里感觉没必要设置
int width = 0;
//这里下面循环子view出来的总共布局的高度
int height = 0;
//获取所有子view并循环
int childCount = getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
//获取view
View childAt = getChildAt(i);
//测量子view这里一定要先测量,再调用childAt.getMeasuredWidth()和childAt.getMeasuredHeight()
//还有在onlayout结束后才可以调用getWidth()和getHeight()
measureChild(childAt,widthMeasureSpec,heightMeasureSpec);
//这里就取到了重写marginLayoutParams的那几个方法获取布局文件中的margin
MarginLayoutParams lp = null;
if(childAt.getLayoutParams() instanceof MarginLayoutParams){
lp = (MarginLayoutParams) childAt.getLayoutParams();
}else{
lp = new MarginLayoutParams(0,0);
}
//获取子view的宽+左右外边距
int childWidth = childAt.getMeasuredWidth()+lp.leftMargin+lp.rightMargin;
//获取子view的高+上下外边距
int childHeight = childAt.getMeasuredHeight()+lp.topMargin+lp.bottomMargin;
//一列中累加的宽度也就是linewidth+这次子view的宽度如果超过了, int measureWidth = //MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);就让其换行。
if(lineWidth+childWidth>measureWidth){
//width就等于一列累加的宽度,这里如果布局文件中设置的是match_parent这里其实没啥用
width = lineWidth;
//行高累加
height+=lineHeight;
//将换行的的这个view的宽高,也就是下一行的第一个view赋值宽和高
lineWidth = childWidth;
lineHeight = childHeight;
}else{
//如果已将累加的列宽+本次的子view的宽不大于measureWidth那就宽度lineWidth+=childWidth;
//高度的话取行高和本次子view中偏高的,由于我们布局文件中设置的子view高度都是一样的所有这一句也没什么用。
lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight,childHeight);
lineWidth+=childWidth;
}
//最后一个元素,将行高+本次子view的高度。这个地方开始我也有点迷糊,最后还是断点一步步执行才明白过来,如果这里不判断是否是最后一行的话,循环完成后是少加了一次行高的,最后一行的view永远显示不出来。
if (i == childCount -1){
height += lineHeight;
width = Math.max(width,lineWidth);
}
}
//重新设置本父容器测量过后的结果,三元运算判断是哪种模式,用width还是measureWidth
setMeasuredDimension((widthMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureWidth:width,(heightMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureHeight:height);
}
4.子view排列
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
//还是先获取所有的子view
int count = getChildCount();
//定义列宽
int lineWidth = 0;
//定义行高
int lineHeight = 0;
//定义上、左边距
int top = 0,left=0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
View childAt = getChildAt(i);
MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) childAt.getLayoutParams();
//因为onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)方法已经执行完,所有这里我们可以直接调用
//子view的宽+左右边距
int childWidth = childAt.getMeasuredWidth()+layoutParams.leftMargin+layoutParams.rightMargin;
int childHeight = childAt.getMeasuredHeight()+layoutParams.topMargin+layoutParams.bottomMargin;
//这里的if判断和onMeasure中是一样的逻辑,不再赘述
if(childWidth+lineWidth>getMeasuredWidth()){
//累加top
top+=lineHeight;
//因为换行了left置为0
left = 0;
lineHeight = childHeight;
lineWidth = childWidth;
}else{
lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight,childHeight);
//行宽累加
lineWidth+=childWidth;
}
//计算子view的左、上、右、下的值
int lc = left+layoutParams.leftMargin;
int tc = top+layoutParams.topMargin;
//右边就等于自己的宽+左边的边距即lc
int rc = lc+childAt.getMeasuredWidth();
//底部逻辑同上
int bc = tc+childAt.getMeasuredHeight();
//布局
childAt.layout(lc,tc,rc,bc);
//这一句很重要,因为一行中有多个view,所有left是累加的关系。
left+=childWidth;
}
}