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MySQL内置函数——关于时间戳转换和计算函数

程序员文章站 2022-03-09 23:34:39
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MySQL内置关于时间戳的计算和转换函数介绍

TIMESTAMP函数

语法:

TIMESTAMP(datetime_expr)
TIMESTAMP(datetime_expr,expr)

说明:
一个参数时,是将datetime_expr转换成时间戳格式(timestamp),两个参数时,是将datetime_expr转换成时间戳并加上expr

使用举例:

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00');
+----------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00') |
+----------------------------------+
| 2019-07-20 08:00:00              |
+----------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01');
+----------------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01') |
+----------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-20 08:00:01                    |
+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01:01');
+-------------------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01:01') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-20 09:01:00                       |
+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01:01:01');
+----------------------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01:01:01') |
+----------------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-20 09:01:01                          |
+----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '10 01:01:01');
+-------------------------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '10 01:01:01') |
+-------------------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-30 09:01:01                             |
+-------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01 10');
+-------------------------------------------+
| timestamp('2019-07-20 08:00:00', '01 10') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-21 18:00:00                       |
+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

TIMESTAMPDIFF函数

语法:

TIMESTAMPDIFF(interval,datetime_expr1,datetime_expr2)

说明:
返回日期或日期时间表达式datetime_expr1datetime_expr2 之间的整数差。其结果的单位由interval 参数给出。该参数必须是以下值的其中一个:

FRAC_SECOND    表示间隔是毫秒
SECOND    秒
MINUTE    分钟
HOUR    小时
DAY    天
WEEK    星期
MONTH    月
QUARTER    季度
YEAR    年

使用如下:

mysql> select TIMESTAMPDIFF(day,'2019-07-10','2019-07-20');
+----------------------------------------------+
| TIMESTAMPDIFF(day,'2019-07-10','2019-07-20') |
+----------------------------------------------+
|                                           10 |
+----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

mysql> select TIMESTAMPDIFF(MINUTE,'2019-07-15 09:00:00','2019-07-20 19:00:00');
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| TIMESTAMPDIFF(MINUTE,'2019-07-15 09:00:00','2019-07-20 19:00:00') |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                              7800 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

TIMESTAMPADD函数

语法:

TIMESTAMPADD(interval,int_expr,datetime_expr)

说明:
将整型表达式int_expr添加到日期或日期时间表达式 datetime_expr中。式中的nterval和上文中列举的取值是一样的。

例如,int_exprMINUTE时,是将datetime_expr时间增加int_expr分钟。

mysql> select TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE,60,'2019-07-20 21:00:00');
+-----------------------------------------------+
| TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE,60,'2019-07-20 21:00:00') |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| 2019-07-20 22:00:00                           |
+-----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set