linux下的mysql二进制安装

第一步 安装前工作

1、创建两个文件夹

在 根目录下，不要在root目录下，不然初始配置还会出现以下错误

mysqld: Can't change dir to '/root/data/mysql/' (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2020-03-19T04:28:43.032786Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-03-19T04:28:43.041858Z 0 [ERROR] failed to set datadir to /root/data/mysql/
2020-03-19T04:28:43.041895Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

所以要保证在根目录下

–这是root目录下

[[email protected] ~]

–这是根目录下

[[email protected] ~]# cd ..
[[email protected] /]# 

[[email protected] /]#mkdir application
[[email protected] /]#mkdir tools

2、将mysql解压包放到tools文件夹下，并解压

[[email protected] /]# cd tools
[[email protected] /]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 713496499 3月  19 10:19 mysql-5.7.24-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.24-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 
[[email protected] tools]# mv mysql-5.7.24-el7-x86_64 /root/application/mysql

3、卸载不可用的东西

[[email protected] /]## rpm -qa|grep mariadb
[[email protected] /]## yum -y remove  mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64 

4、创建用户组和配置环境变量

  [[email protected] /]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
    [[email protected] /]# vi /etc/profile
    export PATH=/root/application/mysql/bin:$PATH
    [[email protected] /]# source /etc/profile
    [[email protected] /]# mysql -V
    mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.24, for el7 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

5、创建数据文件和一些授权

[[email protected] /]# mkdir -p data/mysql
[[email protected] /]# chown -R mysql.mysql application/*
[[email protected] /]# chown -R mysql.mysql data/*

第二步 安装

1、初始化

[[email protected] /]# --initialize  --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

注：可能有三种错误

第一、缺少libaio-devel 软件包

[[email protected] /]# install -y libaio-devel

第二、/data/mysql 有文件

[[email protected] /]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*

第三、Can’t change dir to

2、配置默认配置文件

 [[email protected] /]# /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    user=mysql
    basedir=/application/mysql
    datadir=/data/mysql
    server_id=6
    port=3306
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    [mysql]
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    port=3306

3、配置启动脚本

[[email protected] /]#  cd /application/mysql/support-files
[[email protected] support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
. SUCCESS! 
[[email protected] support-files]# cp mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

4、使用systemd管理mysql

 [[email protected] /]#vi /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
    [Unit]
    Description=MySQL Server
    Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
    Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    After=network.target
    After=syslog.target
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    [Service]
    User=mysql
    Group=mysql
    ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
    LimitNOFILE = 5000

用systemd来管理

[[email protected] /]# pkill mysqld
[[email protected] /]#systemctl  start/stop/restart/status  mysqld

第三步 若密码忘记修改密码

 [[email protected] /]#systemctl  stop  mysqld
    [[email protected] /]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
        mysql>flush privileges;
        mysql>use mysql;
        mysql>alter user [email protected]'localhost' identified by '123';
        mysql>quit;
    [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: (123)