nmcli命令详解

nmcli是redhat7或者centos7之后的命令
该命令可以完成网卡上所有的配置工作，并且可以写入配置文件，永久生效

1、查看网卡信息命令

1、查看所有网络连接

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
eno50338560  1f77d6f7-ad3a-4061-82d5-332ed0894034  802-3-ethernet  --
eno16780032  44b5ae70-4c85-4475-b7ff-6b584b393739  802-3-ethernet  eno16780032
eno33559296  1ccf4590-335a-441f-ba17-854a78d6b613  802-3-ethernet  --
virbr0-nic   60c999b0-34ba-4dd6-85a3-f7a63cbc4350  generic         virbr0-nic
virbr0       bffd0bf1-5503-4de3-afb0-4d0fe75ea007  bridge          virbr0

2、查看活动的网络连接

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection show -active
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
eno16777984  329a55f6-56f8-4f58-89fe-d3221d353a8f  802-3-ethernet  eno16777984
virbr0-nic   2479e6f3-7227-4199-8893-8a1ad815a10d  generic         virbr0-nic
virbr0       3705152b-654a-4740-b244-efbddd068741  bridge          virbr0

3、查看指定网卡的详细信息

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection show eno16777984
connection.id:                          eno16777984
connection.uuid:                        329a55f6-56f8-4f58-89fe-d3221d353a8f
connection.interface-name:              eno16777984
connection.type:                        802-3-ethernet
connection.autoconnect:                 yes
connection.autoconnect-priority:        0
connection.timestamp:                   1548145948
connection.read-only:                   no
省略部分输出

4、显示设备的连接状态

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli device status
DEVICE       TYPE      STATE      CONNECTION
virbr0       bridge    connected  virbr0
eno16777984  ethernet  connected  eno16777984
virbr0-nic   tap       connected  virbr0-nic
lo           loopback  unmanaged  --

5、显示所有设备网络设备详情信息

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli device show
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         virbr0
GENERAL.TYPE:                           bridge
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         52:54:00:DB:0A:63
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     virbr0
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         192.168.122.1/24
IP4.GATEWAY:
IP6.GATEWAY:

GENERAL.DEVICE:                         eno16777984
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         00:50:56:B0:77:F5
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     eno16777984
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/0
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         172.16.6.16/16
IP4.GATEWAY:                            172.16.1.1
IP4.DNS[1]:                             114.114.114.114
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         fe80::250:56ff:feb0:77f5/64
IP6.GATEWAY:
    省略部分输出

6、显示指定网络设备的详细信息

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli device show eno16777984
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         eno16777984
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         00:50:56:B0:77:F5
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     eno16777984
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/0
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         172.16.6.16/16
IP4.GATEWAY:                            172.16.1.1
IP4.DNS[1]:                             114.114.114.114
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         fe80::250:56ff:feb0:77f5/64
IP6.GATEWAY:

2、网卡状态修改命令

1、启用网络连接

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection up eno16780032
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5771)

2、停用网络连接-可以被自动**

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection down ens37
成功取消**连接 'ens37'（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/16）

3、禁用网卡放置被**

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli device disconnect ens37
成功断开设备 'ens37'。

4、删除网络连接的配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection delete ens37
成功删除连接 'ens37'（6c6bf2e6-111b-3f09-80bb-c177263585e6）。

5、重新加载网络配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection reload

3、修改网卡配置

1、设置自动启动网卡

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 connection.autoconnect yes

实际修改的是网卡配置文件ONBOOT=yes

2、设置IP地址获取方式是手动或者DHCP

手动设置IPv4地址，如果原本是DHCP获取地址，改手动后，如果后面不接IP地址，可能会报错
[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 172.16.10.1/16

设置IP地址为DHCP
network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 ipv4.method auto

实际修改的是网卡配置文件BOOTPROTO，BOOTPROTO=none 表示手动；BOOTPROTO=dhcp 表示dhcp

3、修改IP地址

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 ipv4.addresses 172.16.10.100/16

实际修改的是网卡配置文件：
IPADDR=172.16.10.100
PREFIX=16

4、修改网关

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 ipv4.gateway 172.16.1.1

实际修改的是网卡配置文件：
GATEWAY=172.16.1.1

5、添加第二个IP地址

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 +ipv4.addresses 172.16.10.10/16

实际修改的是网卡配置文件：
IPADDR1=172.16.10.10
PREFIX1=16

6、添加DNS

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 ipv4.dns
114.114.114.114
     
实际修改的是网卡配置文件： DNS1=114.114.114.114

7、添加第二个DNS

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 +ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8

实际修改的是网卡配置文件：
DNS2=8.8.8.8

8、删除第二个DNS

[[email protected] network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens37 -ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8