Listener,Filter,Servlet执行顺序和生命周期
Listener,Filter和servlet都是配置在web.xml文件中。
Listener、Filter、Servlet定义:
Listener:
首先定义一个Listener,实现以下接口:
HttpSessionListener(用来监控session的创建,销毁等)
ServletRequestListener(用于监控servlet上下文request)
ServletRequestAttributeListener(用于监控request中的attribute的操作)
package com.xy.web.listener;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestAttributeEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TestListener implements HttpSessionListener,ServletRequestListener,ServletRequestAttributeListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestListener.class);
//sessionListener start!
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent arg0) {
logger.info(".......TestListener sessionCreated().......");
}
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent arg0) {
logger.info(".......TestListener sessionDestroyed().......");
}
//sessionListener end!
//requestListener start!
public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent arg0) {
logger.info("......TestListener requestInitialized()......");
}
public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent arg0) {
logger.info("......TestListener requestDestroyed()......");
}
//requestListener end!
//attributeListener start!
public void attributeAdded(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
logger.info("......TestListener attributeAdded()......");
}
public void attributeRemoved(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
logger.info("......TestListener attributeRemoved()......");
}
public void attributeReplaced(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
logger.info("......TestListener attributeReplaced()......");
}
//attributeListener end!
}
Filter:
package com.xy.web.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TestFilter implements Filter {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestFilter.class);
public void destroy() {
logger.info("..............execute TestFilter destory()..............");
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("..............execute TestFilter doFilter()..............");
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
logger.info("..............execute TestFilter init()..............");
}
}
Servlet:
package com.xy.web.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestServlet.class);
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4263672728918819141L;
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
logger.info("...TestServlet init() init..........");
super.init();
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
logger.info("...TestServlet init() destory..........");
super.destroy();
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
logger.info("...TestServlet doPost() start..........");
//操作attribute
request.setAttribute("a", "a");
request.setAttribute("a", "b");
request.getAttribute("a");
request.removeAttribute("a");
//操作session
request.getSession().setAttribute("a", "a");
request.getSession().getAttribute("a");
request.getSession().invalidate();
logger.info("...TestServlet doPost() end..........");
}
}
配置XML:
<!-- 测试filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.xy.web.filter.TestFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 测试servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xy.web.servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 测试listener -->
<listener>
<listener-class>com.xy.web.listener.TestListener</listener-class>
</listener>
配置好以后启动项目。
加载顺序:
日志:
查看启动日志如下:
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-80
............
2016-1-14 0:47:04 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2016-1-14 0:47:04 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
...........
2016-01-14 00:47:23,369 INFO TestFilter:28 - ..............execute TestFilter init()..............
2016-1-14 0:47:23 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'spring'
...........
2016-1-14 0:47:25 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 21565 ms
*******************************************************************************
结论:
从启动日志来看,
启动的顺序为listener->Filter->servlet.
简单记为:理(Listener)发(Filter)师(servlet).
执行的顺序不会因为三个标签在配置文件中的先后顺序而改变。
*******************************************************************************
生命周期:
日志:
访问项目路径:http://localhost/MyWebProject/common/test.do,访问action两次,打断点后查看日志情况:
第一次访问:
2016-01-14 00:03:03,991 INFO TestListener:26 - ......TestListener requestInitialized()......
2016-01-14 00:03:04,001 INFO TestServlet:24 - ...TestServlet init() init..........
2016-01-14 00:03:04,011 INFO TestFilter:23 - ..............execute TestFilter doFilter()..............
2016-01-14 00:03:15,275 INFO TestServlet:42 - ...TestServlet doPost() start..........
2016-01-14 00:03:16,255 INFO TestListener:36 - ......TestListener attributeAdded()......
2016-01-14 00:03:16,853 INFO TestListener:44 - ......TestListener attributeReplaced()......
2016-01-14 00:03:18,561 INFO TestListener:40 - ......TestListener attributeRemoved()......
2016-01-14 00:03:20,065 INFO TestListener:16 - .......TestListener sessionCreated().......
2016-01-14 00:03:22,908 INFO TestListener:20 - .......TestListener sessionDestroyed().......
2016-01-14 00:03:25,624 INFO TestServlet:52 - ...TestServlet doPost() end..........
2016-01-14 00:03:27,746 INFO TestListener:30 - ......TestListener requestDestroyed()......
第二次访问:
2016-01-14 00:04:08,908 INFO TestListener:26 - ......TestListener requestInitialized()......
2016-01-14 00:04:08,909 INFO TestFilter:23 - ..............execute TestFilter doFilter()..............
2016-01-14 00:04:14,385 INFO TestServlet:42 - ...TestServlet doPost() start..........
2016-01-14 00:04:14,778 INFO TestListener:36 - ......TestListener attributeAdded()......
2016-01-14 00:04:14,974 INFO TestListener:44 - ......TestListener attributeReplaced()......
2016-01-14 00:04:15,342 INFO TestListener:40 - ......TestListener attributeRemoved()......
2016-01-14 00:04:15,904 INFO TestListener:16 - .......TestListener sessionCreated().......
2016-01-14 00:04:17,354 INFO TestListener:20 - .......TestListener sessionDestroyed().......
2016-01-14 00:04:17,815 INFO TestServlet:52 - ...TestServlet doPost() end..........
2016-01-14 00:04:19,044 INFO TestListener:30 - ......TestListener requestDestroyed()......
关闭项目,打印日志如下:
2016-1-14 0:40:15 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol pause
信息: Pausing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-80
2016-1-14 0:40:16 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stop
信息: Stopping service Catalina
2016-1-14 0:40:16 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextDestroyed()
2016-1-14 0:40:16 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextDestroyed()
2016-01-14 00:40:16,561 INFO TestServlet:30 - ...TestServlet init() destory..........
.......
2016-01-14 00:40:22,091 INFO TestFilter:19 - ..............execute TestFilter destroy()..............
********************************************
结论:
从启动,结束和运行时候的日志看:
Listener生命周期:一直从程序启动到程序停止运行。
ServletRequestListener:每次访问一个Request资源前,都会执行requestInitialized()方法,方法访问完毕,都会执行requestDestroyed()方法。
HttpSessionListener:每次调用request.getSession(),都会执行sessionCreated()方法,执行session.invalidate()方法,都会执行sessionDestroyed()方法。
ServletRequestAttributeListener:每次调用request.setAttribute()都会执行attributeAdded()方法,如果set的key在request里面存在,就会执行attributeReplacerd()方法,调用request.removeAttribute()方法,都会执行attributeRemoved()方法。
Filter生命周期:程序启动调用Filter的init()方法(永远只调用一次,具体看启动日志),程序停止调用Filter的destroy()方法(永远只调用一次,具体看关闭日志),doFilter()方法每次的访问请求如果符合拦截条件都会调用(程序第一次运行,会在servlet调用init()方法以后调用,不管第几次,都在调用doGet(),doPost()方法之前)。
Servlet生命周期:程序第一次访问,会调用servlet的init()方法初始化(只执行一次,具体看日志),每次程序执行都会根据请求调用doGet()或者doPost()方法,程序停止调用destory()方法(具体看结束日志)。
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