python简明教程_02
python编程语言简明教程,翻译自以下仓库:
Python-Lectures
原仓库是一系列的jupyter notebook,可以直接在jupyter环境下运行程序示例。我添加了中文注释,并改为了兼容python3
Print: 打印
print 用法(注意python3中必须加括号):
- print("Hello World")
- print("Hello", <Variable Containing the String>)
- print("Hello" + <Variable Containing the String>)
- print("Hello %s" % <variable containing the string>)
print("Hello World")
Hello World
注意引号的使用,一般来讲,单个词用单引号,一行字用双引号,一段话用三个双引号
print('Hey')
Hey
print("""My name is Rajath Kumar M.P.
I love Python.""")
My name is Rajath Kumar M.P.
I love Python.
string1 = 'World'
print('Hello', string1)
string2 = '!'
print('Hello', string1, string2)
(‘Hello’, ‘World’)
(‘Hello’, ‘World’, ‘!’)
print('Hello' + string1 + string2)
HelloWorld!
print("Hello %s" % string1)
Hello World
类似还有其他的数据输出符号:
- %s -> string 字符串
- %d -> Integer 整数
- %f -> Float 浮点
- %o -> Octal 八进制
- %x -> Hexadecimal 十六进制
- %e -> exponential 科学计数法
print("Actual Number = %d" %18)
print("Float of the number = %f" %18)
print("Octal equivalent of the number = %o" %18)
print("Hexadecimal equivalent of the number = %x" %18)
print("Exponential equivalent of the number = %e" %18)
Actual Number = 18
Float of the number = 18.000000
Octal equivalent of the number = 22
Hexadecimal equivalent of the number = 12
Exponential equivalent of the number = 1.800000e+01
输出好几个变量时,用小括号:
print("Hello %s %s" %(string1,string2))
Hello World !
一些其他例子
print("I want %%d to be printed %s" %'here') # 输出百分号
I want %d to be printed here
print('_A'*10)
_A_A_A_A_A_A_A_A_A_A
print("Jan\nFeb\nMar\nApr\nMay\nJun\nJul\nAug") #换行
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
print("I want \\n to be printed.") #输出反斜杠
I want \n to be printed.
print("""
Routine:
\t- Eat
\t- Sleep\n\t- Repeat
""")
Routine: - Eat - Sleep - Repeat
精度输出
python中默认精度为6位:
"%f" % 3.121312312312
‘3.121312’
规定输出几位:
"%.5f" % 3.121312312312
‘3.12131’
超出数字本身的范围,会自动调整
"%9.5f" % 3.121312312312
' 3.12131'
前面加0,将不够的位数用0补足:
"%020.5f" % 3.121312312312 #一共输出20位,小数点后5位,但小数点前只有一个3,其余位置用0补足
‘00000000000003.12131’
前面留一个空格用来对齐
print("% 9f" % 3.121312312312)
print("% 9f" % -3.121312312312)
3.121312 -3.121312
给正数加一个’+’
print("%+9f" % 3.121312312312)
print("% 9f" % -3.121312312312)
+3.121312
-3.121312
"%-9.3f" % 3.121312312312 #负号加到这个位置,表示一共9位,保留小数点后3位,将超出范围的空格放在最后
'3.121 '
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