Linux下安装MySQL5.7版本

用了四年的笔记本淘汰了，新电脑刚到，迫不及待先开始CentOS7下安装MYSQL
安装如下：
如有遗漏，或者错误，请指教，谢谢！

检查之前是否以安装过mysql,可以使用普通用户sudo 安装，
也可进行root用户安装，本例利用普通用户sudo安装，

[[email protected] ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]$

由于我是新的虚拟机，所以没有，
如果有些朋友出现如下内容：

[[email protected] ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]$mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

这里的mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64为例子，
如果有类似，之前安装的要卸载掉。
卸载如下：

 rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

再次查询：

[[email protected] ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]$

接下来，可以进行安装
我是以命令方式进行安装：
大家也可以去mysql官网下载
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载命令：

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

下载过后查看：

[[email protected] ~]$ ls
mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 

因为一些配置需要在/usr/local/mysql
解压并移动到/usr/local/mysql/下

在/usr/local/mysql/目录下创建data目录

[[email protected] mysql]$ ls
bin  COPYING  docs  include  lib  man  README  share  support-files
[[email protected] mysql]$ sudo mkdir data 
[[email protected] mysql]$ ls
bin      data  include  man     share
COPYING  docs  lib      README  support-files

添加mysql用户和组
更改mysql目录下所有的目录及文件夹所属的用户组和用户，以及权限

[[email protected] mysql]$ sudo useradd mysql
useradd：mysql 组已经存在 - 如果您想将此用户加入到该组，请使用 -g 参数。
[[email protected] mysql]$ sudo useradd -g mysql mysql

[[email protected] mysql]$chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]$chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

编译安装并初始化mysql,初始化输出日志末尾的密码（临时密码需要记住）

首先查询是否有包，如果没有，
安装
yum install libaio-devel.x86_64
yum -y install numactl

 rpm -qa|grep libaio
 
[[email protected] mysql]$cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[[email protected] mysql]$ ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

执行结果：

[[email protected] bin]$ sudo ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/openv/mysql/data/ --basedir=/usr/openv/mysql/
2019-12-18T02:55:42.761216Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-12-18T02:55:43.073823Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-12-18T02:55:43.111104Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-12-18T02:55:43.166708Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e1b6d072-2141-11ea-b8f2-000c291310cd.
2019-12-18T02:55:43.188741Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-12-18T02:55:43.189944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: qyg.Qqqp8jSm

最后为临时密码

编辑配置文件my.cnf，添加配置如下

mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
#symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

#[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
symbolic-links=0
max_connections=400
innodb_file_per_table=1

启动mysql服务器

[[email protected] bin]$/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

如果出现如下提示信息

Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file

查看是否存在mysql和mysqld的服务，如果存在，则结束进程，再重新执行启动命令

#查询服务
ps -ef|grep mysql
ps -ef|grep mysqld

#结束进程
kill -9 PID

#启动服务
 /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

添加软连接，并重启mysql服务

[[email protected] bin]$  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 
[[email protected] bin]$ ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
[[email protected] bin]$ service mysql restart

登录mysql，修改密码(把刚才上面的 执行结果：里面最下的密码复制 我的为qyg.Qqqp8jSm)

mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql>set password= password('你的密码');

远程登录：

查询user表，看host和user情况，如下：
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select user,host from user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

所有的用户都是只能本机访问，我们需要把需要远程访问的用户的host改成%，于是我们执行以下语句：
update user set host='%' where user='root';
修改好host之后，我们要让它立即生效，还要执行这样一个语句:
flush privileges;

设置开机自动启动

1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
[[email protected] /]$ cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
2、赋予可执行权限
[[email protected] /]$  chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
3、添加服务
[[email protected] /]$  chkconfig --add mysqld
4、显示服务列表
[[email protected] /]$  chkconfig --list