搭建LNMP架构 ---- Mysql配置

一：Mysql 概述

​ MySQL是一种关系数据库管理系统，关系数据库将数据保存在不同的表中，而不是将所有数据放在一个大仓库内，这样就增加了速度并提高了灵活性 。

二：配置过程

1、安装需要的环境软件包

[[e-mail] ~]# yum install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake -y

2、创建运行用户 mysql ，并解压mysql 的压缩包

[[e-mail] system]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
cd /abc     '创建运行用户'
[[e-mail] abc]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt/

3、在mysql-5.7.20 目录中编译cmake

[[e-mail] abc]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
[[e-mail] mysql-5.7.20]# 
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \       ‘安装路径’
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \     ‘通讯文件’
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \        ‘配置文件所在目录’
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \      ‘pid的路径’
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \         ‘字符集’
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \            ‘存储引擎’
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

[[e-mail] mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install
[[e-mail] mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql     ‘设置权限’

4、在/etc目录下， vim my.cnf 调整配置文件 （删除原有内容）

[[e-mail] mysql-5.7.20]# cd /etc/
[[e-mail] etc]# vim my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid_file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、设置环境变量，并生效

[[e-mail] etc]# chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf
[[e-mail] etc]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[[e-mail] etc]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
[[e-mail] etc]# source /etc/profile      ‘让/etc/profile修改的文件命令生效’
[[e-mail] etc]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[e-mail] mysql]# ls
[[e-mail] mysql]# ls bin/
mysqld
...省略内容

6、初始化数据库

[[e-mail] mysql]# bin/mysqld \
 --initialize-insecure \
 --user=mysql \
 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

7、 保持路径不变，将服务复制到 /lib/systemd/system/路径下，可以用systemctl控制管理

[[e-mail] mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

[[e-mail] mysql]# systemctl start mysqld        ‘开启mysql服务’
[[e-mail] mysql]# netstat -ntap | grep mysqld      ‘查看端口是否正常开启’
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      26928/mysqld
[[e-mail] mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld     ‘开机自启’

8、登录数据库，设置mysql数据库的密码 (密码默认是没有的，直接回车即可)

7、登录数据库，设置数据库的密码

[[e-mail] mysql]# mysql -u root -p
‘‘一直按回车键’’
[[e-mail] mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password
Enter password:     "按回车"
New password:       “输入新的密码”
Confirm new password:         “再次输入密码”

[[e-mail] mysql]# mysql -u root -p        ‘登录数据库’
Enter password:       ‘输入刚新设置的密码’

Mysql服务已配置完成。