Android对话框

1.写在前面

• Android提供了丰富的Dialog函数，本文介绍最常用的8种对话框的使用方法，包括普通（包含提示消息和按钮）、列表、单选、多选、等待、进度条、编辑、自定义等多种形式

2.案例

2.1 普通Dialog（2个按钮）

详细代码：

 - activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
   <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:columnCount="4"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:rowCount="6"
    tools:context="com.example.fpl.loun.MainActivity">

<Button
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="确认"
    android:id="@+id/button_normal"/>

</LinearLayout>

 - MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //绑定布局文件的按钮
        Button buttonNormal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_normal);
        //点击事件
        buttonNormal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
            //调用方法
                showNormalDialog();
            }
        });
    }

    private void showNormalDialog(){
        /* @setIcon 设置对话框图标
         * @setTitle 设置对话框标题
         * @setMessage 设置对话框消息提示
         * setXXX方法返回Dialog对象，因此可以链式设置属性
         */
        final AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog);
        normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通对话框")
        normalDialog.setMessage("你确定吗?");
        normalDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                //...To-do
            }
        });
        normalDialog.setNegativeButton("关闭", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                //...To-do
            }
        });
        // 显示
        normalDialog.show();
    }
}

• 3个按钮

/* @setNeutralButton 设置中间的按钮
 * 若只需一个按钮，仅设置 setPositiveButton 即可
 */
private void showMultiBtnDialog(){
    AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog);
    normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通对话框（带三个按钮的）").setMessage("你要点击哪一个按钮呢?");
    normalDialog.setPositiveButton("按钮1", 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // ...To-do
        }
    });
    normalDialog.setNeutralButton("按钮2", 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // ...To-do
        }
    });
    normalDialog.setNegativeButton("按钮3", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // ...To-do
        }
    });
    // 创建实例并显示
    normalDialog.show();
}

2.2 列表Dialog

private void showListDialog() {
    final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
    AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog");
    listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // which 下标从0开始
            // ...To-do
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                "你点击了" + items[which], 
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
    listDialog.show();
}

2.3 单选Dialog

int yourChoice;
private void showSingleChoiceDialog(){
    final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
    yourChoice = -1;
    AlertDialog.Builder singleChoiceDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    singleChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个单选Dialog");
    // 第二个参数是默认选项，此处设置为0
    singleChoiceDialog.setSingleChoiceItems(items, 0, 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            yourChoice = which;
        }
    });
    singleChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            if (yourChoice != -1) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                "你选择了" + items[yourChoice], 
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    });
    singleChoiceDialog.show();
}

2.4 多选Dialog

ArrayList<Integer> yourChoices = new ArrayList<>();
private void showMultiChoiceDialog() {
    final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
    // 设置默认选中的选项，全为false默认均未选中
    final boolean initChoiceSets[]={false,false,false,false};
    yourChoices.clear();
    AlertDialog.Builder multiChoiceDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    multiChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个多选Dialog");
    multiChoiceDialog.setMultiChoiceItems(items, initChoiceSets,
        new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which,
            boolean isChecked) {
            if (isChecked) {
                yourChoices.add(which);
            } else {
                yourChoices.remove(which);
            }
        }
    });
    multiChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            int size = yourChoices.size();
            String str = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                str += items[yourChoices.get(i)] + " ";
            }
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                "你选中了" + str, 
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
    multiChoiceDialog.show();
}

2.5 等待Dialog

private void showWaitingDialog() {
    /* 等待Dialog具有屏蔽其他控件的交互能力
     * @setCancelable 为使屏幕不可点击，设置为不可取消(false)
     * 下载等事件完成后，主动调用函数关闭该Dialog
     */
    ProgressDialog waitingDialog= 
        new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
    waitingDialog.setTitle("我是一个等待Dialog");
    waitingDialog.setMessage("等待中...");
    waitingDialog.setIndeterminate(true);
    waitingDialog.setCancelable(false);
    waitingDialog.show();
}

2.6 进度条Dialog

private void showProgressDialog() {
    /* @setProgress 设置初始进度
     * @setProgressStyle 设置样式（水平进度条）
     * @setMax 设置进度最大值
     */
    final int MAX_PROGRESS = 100;
    final ProgressDialog progressDialog = 
        new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
    progressDialog.setProgress(0);
    progressDialog.setTitle("我是一个进度条Dialog");
    progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
    progressDialog.setMax(MAX_PROGRESS);
    progressDialog.show();
    /* 模拟进度增加的过程
     * 新开一个线程，每个100ms，进度增加1
     */
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            int progress= 0;
            while (progress < MAX_PROGRESS){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                    progress++;
                    progressDialog.setProgress(progress);
                } catch (InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            // 进度达到最大值后，窗口消失
            progressDialog.cancel();
        }
    }).start();
}

2.7 编辑Dialog

private void showInputDialog() {
    /*@setView 装入一个EditView
     */
    final EditText editText = new EditText(MainActivity.this);
    AlertDialog.Builder inputDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    inputDialog.setTitle("我是一个输入Dialog").setView(editText);
    inputDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
            editText.getText().toString(), 
            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }).show();
}

2.8 自定义Dialog

<!-- res/layout/dialog_customize.xml-->
<!-- 自定义View -->
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/edit_text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        />
</LinearLayou>

private void showCustomizeDiaog() {
    /* @setView 装入自定义View ==> R.layout.dialog_customize
     * 由于dialog_customize.xml只放置了一个EditView，因此和图8一样
     * dialog_customize.xml可自定义更复杂的View
     */
    AlertDialog.Builder customizeDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
    final View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this)
        .inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize,null);
    customizeDialog.setTitle("我是一个自定义Dialog");
    customizeDialog.setView(dialogView);
    customizeDialog.setPositiveButton("确定",
        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // 获取EditView中的输入内容
            EditText edit_text = 
                (EditText) dialogView.findViewById(R.id.edit_text);
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                edit_text.getText().toString(),
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
    customizeDialog.show();
}

3.复写回调函数

/* 复写Builder的create和show函数，可以在Dialog显示前实现必要设置
 * 例如初始化列表、默认选项等
 * @create 第一次创建时调用
 * @show 每次显示时调用
 */
private void showListDialog() {
    final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
    AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = 
        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this){

        @Override
        public AlertDialog create() {
            items[0] = "我是No.1";
            return super.create();
        }

        @Override
        public AlertDialog show() {
            items[1] = "我是No.2";
            return super.show();
        }
    };
    listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog");
    listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // ...To-do
        }
    });
    /* @setOnDismissListener Dialog销毁时调用
     * @setOnCancelListener Dialog关闭时调用
     */
    listDialog.setOnDismissListener(new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() {
        public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                "Dialog被销毁了", 
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
    listDialog.show();
}