JasperReport C/S简单应用

iReport+jasperReport之JDBC数据源

iReport画出来的报表可以满足我们大部分的需要，所以采用iReport 编辑jrxml文件是我们的首选啦！当然掌握jrxml文件的结构也是必须的。
        采用JDBC数据源必须有数据库支持啊！我们新建一个test表，其中有pid、name、sex、password、department、age字段，为了方便期间我们定义这些字段全部为String类型。
        在iReport中新建一报表，报表有title、pageHeader、columnHeader、detail、columnFooter、pageFooter、lastPageFooter、summary等部分，被成为Report section

title：顾名思义是指报表的标题哦，它会显示在报表的最上面，如果有多页只会出现在第一页的最上面。pageHeader：每页的标题，如果有多页每页的开始都会显示此部分内容。
columnHeader：显示报表的列头不经常使用。
detail：这个就不用说了吧！
有header就会出现footer啦！lastPageFooter只会出现在最后一页。summay会出现在每一页数据上，主要是为了展示一些统计信息，比如当前的时间，页数信息啦！

新建一parameter

此参数可作为报表的标题使用，我们在程序中动态的传递给报表。
    document structure－－－》parameter里找到reportTitle参数拖至title区域，右击编辑reportTitle域的属性，在font选项里找到Markup设置为HTML，TextField选项里设置Text Field Expreesion为

"<font color='blue' size='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>"

下来就是设置报表的Field字段了，不需要我们一个个的新建那些字段啦！
选择Data--->Report Query在Report Query选项里选择Query Language为SQL，写入SqL语句

select * from test order by pid DESC

这时所有的field会出现在下面(SQL是正确的)
关闭对话框在document structure－－－》field中就会出现我们需要的field，之后拖到相应的位置，关于怎么美化报表这个本人也不是很懂哦！
如果需要显示一下当前的页数信息也可以自己托动Variables里的PAGE_NUMBER完成页数的显示。完整的jrxml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"  ?>
<!-- Created with iReport - A designer for JasperReports -->
<!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN" "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd">
<jasperReport
         name="Person"
         columnCount="1"
         printOrder="Vertical"
         orientation="Portrait"
         pageWidth="595"
         pageHeight="842"
         columnWidth="535"
         columnSpacing="0"
         leftMargin="30"
         rightMargin="30"
         topMargin="20"
         bottomMargin="20"
         whenNoDataType="NoPages"
         isTitleNewPage="false"
         isSummaryNewPage="false">
    <property name="ireport.scriptlethandling" value="0" />
    <property name="ireport.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
    <import value="java.util.*" />
    <import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*" />
    <import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*" />

    <parameter name="reportTitle" isForPrompting="true" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <queryString><![CDATA[select * from test order by pid DESC]]></queryString>

    <field name="pid" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="name" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="sex" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="password" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="department" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="age" class="java.lang.String"/>

        <background>
            <band height="6"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
            </band>
        </background>
        <title>
            <band height="29"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="138"
                        y="0"
                        width="258"
                        height="29"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement textAlignment="Center" verticalAlignment="Middle" markup="html">
                        <font pdfFontName="Helvetica-Bold" isBold="true"/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA["<font color='blue' size='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>"]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
            </band>
        </title>
        <pageHeader>
            <band height="0"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
            </band>
        </pageHeader>
        <columnHeader>
            <band height="0"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
            </band>
        </columnHeader>
        <detail>
            <band height="22"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="0"
                        y="0"
                        width="100"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{pid}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="100"
                        y="0"
                        width="93"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{name}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="193"
                        y="0"
                        width="58"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{sex}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="251"
                        y="0"
                        width="100"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{password}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="351"
                        y="0"
                        width="100"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{department}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" pattern="" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="451"
                        y="0"
                        width="84"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement verticalAlignment="Top">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{age}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <line direction="TopDown">
                    <reportElement
                        x="0"
                        y="17"
                        width="535"
                        height="1"
                        key="line-1"/>
                    <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
                </line>
            </band>
        </detail>
        <columnFooter>
            <band height="0"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
            </band>
        </columnFooter>
        <pageFooter>
            <band height="24"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
                <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None"  hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
                    <reportElement
                        x="387"
                        y="5"
                        width="22"
                        height="18"
                        key="textField"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement textAlignment="Center" verticalAlignment="Middle">
                        <font/>
                    </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression   class="java.lang.Integer"><![CDATA[$V{PAGE_NUMBER}]]></textFieldExpression>
                </textField>
                <staticText>
                    <reportElement
                        x="373"
                        y="5"
                        width="14"
                        height="17"
                        key="staticText-2"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement textAlignment="Center" verticalAlignment="Middle">
                        <font pdfFontName="Helvetica-Bold" size="12" isBold="true"/>
                    </textElement>
                <text><![CDATA[第]]></text>
                </staticText>
                <staticText>
                    <reportElement
                        x="409"
                        y="5"
                        width="14"
                        height="17"
                        key="staticText-3"/>
                    <box></box>
                    <textElement textAlignment="Center" verticalAlignment="Middle">
                        <font pdfFontName="Helvetica-Bold" size="12" isBold="true"/>
                    </textElement>
                <text><![CDATA[页]]></text>
                </staticText>
            </band>
        </pageFooter>
        <summary>
            <band height="0"  isSplitAllowed="true" >
            </band>
        </summary>
</jasperReport>

    我们可以直接使用ireport查看预览效果，但是大部分我们是在应用程序中使用的哦！我们看看我们怎么让这个jrxml模板文件工作呢，   

File file = new File("Person.jrxml");
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file); // 编译报表 jasperReport =
            jasperReport = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(in);

编译文件是很耗时的工作，通常这个由iReport去做我们使用jasper文件即可，

jasperReport = (JasperReport) JRLoader
                    .loadObject("D:\\workspace\\Person.jasper");

产生了JasperReport对象下来就是要填充数据了，采用JDBC方式我们需要一个打开的connection(数据库连接)，
还有报表需要的parameter：

public HashMap getMap() {

        HashMap map = new HashMap();
        map.put("reportTitle", "laoshulin");
        return map;
    }

 

jasperPrint = JasperFillManager
                    .fillReport(jasperReport, getMap, getConn());

针对jasperPrint对象JasperReport有很多的API可以提供各种方式的预览或是生成文件
我只说说JasperViewer吧！其它的看看api或是google一下就知道了

JasperViewer jasperViewer = new JasperViewer(jasperPrint);

JasperViewer 继承自JFrame类，

jasperViewer.setVisible(true);

这样就可以预览报表了，
JRViewer这个类继承Jpanel，我们可以在web中使用它，后面介绍客户端打印时再详细介绍。

    JDBC数据源很简单主要是SQL的功底，但是它是最基础的，网上一大堆这方面的介绍哦，可以参考别人的多看看哦，我写的这些都有点语无伦次了，主要是我自己不怎么写东西，多以代码的形式留给自己了，现在写出来和大家交流，当时做这个的时候找了好多的文章没有一篇写的深刻的，大多都是copy的。

 

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRMapCollectionDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer;
/**
 *
 * <p>C/S架构 JasperReport 的简单使用<p>
 *
 * 创建日期 2013-4-22<br>
 * @author  longgangbai<br>
 * @version $Revision$ 2013-4-22
 * @since   3.0.0
 */
public class Main {
    public static JRDataSource createReportDataSource() {
        JRDataSource dataSource;
        Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = initializeMapArray();
        dataSource = new JRMapCollectionDataSource(reportRows);
        return dataSource;
    }
    public static Collection<Map<String,?>> initializeMapArray() {
        Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = new ArrayList<Map<String,?>>();
        HashMap<String, String> row1Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row2Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row3Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        HashMap<String, String> row4Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        row1Map.put("tail_num", "N263Y");
        row1Map.put("aircraft_serial", "Chinese,我是中国人");
        row1Map.put("aircraft_model", "39 ROSCOE TRNR RACER");
        row1Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
        row2Map.put("tail_num", "N4087X");
        row2Map.put("aircraft_serial", "BA100-163");
        row2Map.put("aircraft_model", "BRADLEY AEROBAT");
        row2Map.put("engine_model", "R2800 SERIES");
        row3Map.put("tail_num", "N43JE");
        row3Map.put("aircraft_serial", "HAYABUSA 1");
        row3Map.put("aircraft_model", "NAKAJIMA KI-43 IIIA");
        row3Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
        row4Map.put("tail_num", "N912S");
        row4Map.put("aircraft_serial", "9973CC");
        row4Map.put("aircraft_model", "PA18-150");
        row4Map.put("engine_model", "R-1820 SER");
        reportRows.add(row1Map);
        reportRows.add(row2Map);
        reportRows.add(row3Map);
        reportRows.add( row4Map);
        return reportRows;
    }
      public static void main(String[] args) throws JRException {
          InputStream  inputStream=Main.class.getResourceAsStream("/resources/data/AircraftReport.jrxml");
          System.out.println(inputStream);
          JRDataSource  jrdatasource =createReportDataSource();
          //填充报表数据生成JasperPrint对象
          JasperReport jrt = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(inputStream);//编译报表格式
          //填充报表数据生成JasperPrint对象
          JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jrt, new HashMap<String, Object>(), jrdatasource);
          JasperViewer.viewReport(jasperPrint,false);
          JasperViewer view = new JasperViewer(jasperPrint, false);
          view.pack();
          view.setVisible(true);
    }
}