RedHat下安装MySQL 5.5 安装、维护_MySQL

Redhat

准备环境：

RedHat 5系统、MySQL 5.6 rpm包

首先 上传mysql至服务器

1、 解压缩MySql

[[e-mail]]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.tar

MySQL-client-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

MySQL-devel-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

MySQL-embedded-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

MySQL-shared-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

MySQL-test-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

2、 安装MySQL-server包

[[e-mail]]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

error:Failed dependencies:

MySQL conflicts with mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386

MySQL-serverconflicts with mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386

（安装失败，由于系统先前安装有mysql,把它卸载掉！再安装）

[[e-mail]]# rpm -e mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386 --nodeps

[[e-mail]]# rpm -e mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386 –nodeps

[[e-mail]]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-server ###########################################[100%]

[[e-mail]]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.2_m5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]

3、 启动mysql并设置登录密码

[[e-mail]]# /etc/init.d/mysql start

StartingMySQL......[ OK ]

[root@shiyue5 u01]# mysqladmin -u rootpassword "123456"

4、 登录mysql并创建数据库

[root@shiyue5~]# mysql -u root -p

Enterpassword:

Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or /g.

YourMySQL connection id is 5

Serverversion: 5.6.2-m5 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright(c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates.Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>create database shiyue;

QueryOK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

5、 配置客户端连接

mysql>use mysql;

Readingtable information for completion of table and column names

Youcan turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql>grant all on *.* to root@"%" identified by "123456";

QueryOK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

通过对1042问题代码的查询，得出编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，在[mysqld]内添加一行skip-name-resolve

在/etc/目录下如没有my.cnf配置文件，则请到/usr/share/mysql/下找到*.cnf文件，拷贝其中的一个到/etc/并改名为my.cnf

[root@shiyue5~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@shiyue5~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

#Example MySQL config file for medium systems.

#

# Thisis for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays

# animportant part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with

#other programs (such as a web server)

#

#MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

#locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# Youcan copy this option file to one of those

#locations. For information about these locations, see:

#http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

#

# Inthis file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# Ifyou want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# withthe "--help" option.

# Thefollowing options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

#password = your_password

port = 3306

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Herefollows entries for some specific programs

# TheMySQL server

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size= 16M

max_allowed_packet= 1M

table_open_cache= 64

sort_buffer_size= 512K

net_buffer_length= 8K

read_buffer_size= 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size= 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size= 8M

skip-name-resolve

#Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# ifall processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# Allinteraction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

"/etc/my.cnf"145L, 4700C written

6、 重启mysql

[root@shiyue5~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

Shuttingdown MySQL...[ OK ]

Starting MySQL...[ OK ]

7.防火墙设置

当我们试图远程连接时，可能出现“Host XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server”拒绝的连接的提示，这是没有设置防火墙的问题，增加3306端口的权限，实例如下：

#vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

增加一行3306的权限，修改后如下：

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

保存退出

#service iptables restart

重新启动，使生效

8、 mysql数据库的日常维护管理

mysql>show databases;（显示数据库）

+--------------------+

|Database |

+--------------------+

|information_schema |

|mysql |

|performance_schema |

|shiyue |

|test |

+--------------------+

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